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متوقع قدر متفرد مزید دیکھیے فہرست رہنمائی

احتمال نظریہ


تصادفی متغیراوسطمتفرداوسط












متوقع قدر




آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا سے






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اصطلاح
term

اقدار
توزیع
دالہ
کمیت
تَراكُمی
دو رقمی
متوقع قدر



values
distribution
function
mass
cumulative
binomial
expected value


تصادفی متغیر کی "اوسط" قدر کو تصادفی متغیر کی متوقع قدر کہتے ہیں۔ واضح رہے کہ یہ ایک حساباتی اوسط ہوتی ہے، نہ کہ کوئی ایسی قدر جس پر تصادفی متغیر اکثر پایا جائے۔



متفرد


متفرد تصادفی متغیر X کی متوقع قدر اس کی احتمال کمیت دالہ  pX(.)displaystyle p_X(.) سے وزن شدہ اوسط کو کہتے ہیں اور اس متوقع قدر  E(X)displaystyle E(X) کو یوں تعریف کیا جاتا ہے


 E(X)=∑ixipX(xi)displaystyle E(X)=sum _ix_ip_X(x_i)

متفرد تصادفی متغیر X کی "احتمال کمیت دالہ"  pX(x)displaystyle p_X(x) اس متغیر کی قدر x ہونے کے احتمال کو کہتے ہیں اور یوں تعریف کرتے ہیں:


 pX(xi)=Pr(X=xi)displaystyle p_X(x_i)=Pr(X=x_i)

متوقع قدر کو تصافی متغیر X کی احتمال کمیت دالہ کا مرکزِ کشش ثقل سمجھا جا سکتا ہے۔




تصویر 2: دو رقمی توزیع کی احتمال کمیت دالہ  pX(.)displaystyle p_X(.)


مثال: دو رقمی توزیعِ احتمال شدہ تصادفی متغیر X کی متوقع قدر  E(X)displaystyle E(X)


E(X)=∑x=0nxpX(x)=npdisplaystyle E(X)=sum _x=0^nxp_X(x)=np

تصویر 2 میں سرخ خطِ منحنی کے مطابق
E(X)=np=40×0.5=20displaystyle E(X)=np=40times 0.5=20


متوقع قدر کو تصادفی متغیر کا اوسط بھی کہا جاتا ہے۔



مزید دیکھیے


  • تَفاوُت

  • توزیعِ احتمال

  • کثیر اعداد کا قانون


E=mc2     اردو ویکیپیڈیا پر ریاضی مساوات کو بائیں سے دائیں LTR پڑھیٔے     ریاضی علامات










اخذ کردہ از «https://ur.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=متوقع_قدر&oldid=3288417»










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