8 of 15 Khagans of the Mongol Empire.

Mongol Empire and its fragmentation

Imperial Seal of Güyük Khan

Imperial Seal of Bogd Khan

The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.

Khamag Mongol (1120s–1206)

• 
  Khabul Khan^[1]


• Ambaghai Khan


• Hotula Khan


• 
  Yesugei (de facto)
  


• Genghis Khan

Mongol Empire (1206–1368)

Great Khans and Yuan dynasty

With the establishment of the Yuan dynasty in 1271, the Kublaids became Yuan emperors, who were considered as Khagan for the Mongols and Huangdi (Chinese emperor) for native Chinese.

B. Sumiyabaatar/ Б.Сумьяабаатар, "Чинcгий алтан ургийн үгийн бичиг ба гэрийн үеийн бичмэл", "Genealogy of Monogols", 720 pp., .mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
ISBN 99929-5-552-X

• 
  Genghis Khan (1206–1227)


• 
  Tolui Khan (as Regent) (1227–1229)


• 
  Ögedei Khan (1229–1241)


• 
  Töregene Khatun (as Regent) (1241–1246)


• 
  Güyük Khan (1246–1248)


• 
  Oghul Qaimish (as Regent) (1248–1251)


• 
  Möngke Khan (1251–1259)


• 
  Ariq Böke (1259–1264)


• 
  Kublai Khan (1260–1294) - Khagan title: Setsen; Temple name: Shizu (1271–1294) Era name: Zhongtong (中統) (1260–1264); Zhiyuan (至元) (1264–1294)


• 
  Temür Khan - Khagan title: Öljeitu; Temple name: Chengzong - (1294–1307); Era names: Yuanzhen (元貞) (1295–1297); Dade (大德) (1297–1307)


• 
  Külüg Khan - Khagan title: Khülük; Temple name: Wuzong - (1308–1311); Era name: Zhida (至大) (1308–1311)


• 
  Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan - Temple name: Renzong - (1311–1320); Era names: Huangqing (皇慶) (1312–1313); Yanyou (延祐) (1314–1320)


• 
  Gegeen Khan - Khagan title: Gegeen; Temple name: Yingzong - (1321–1323); Era name: Zhizhi (至治) (1321–1323)


• 
  Yesün-Temür - Temple name: Taiding Di - (1323–1328); Era names: Taiding (泰定) (1321–1328); Zhihe (致和) 1328


• 
  Ragibagh Khan - Temple name: Tianshun Di; Era name: Tianshun (天順) (1328)


• 
  Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür - Khagan title: Jayaaatu; Temple name: Wenzong - (1328–1329 / 1329–1332); Era names: Tianli (天歷) (1328–1330); Zhishun (至順) (1330–1332)


• 
  Khutughtu Khan Kusala - Khagan title: Khutughtu; Temple name: Mingzong; Era name: Tianli (天歷) (1329)


• 
  Rinchinbal Khan - Temple name: Ningzong; Era name: Zhishun (至順) (1332)


• 
  Toghon Temür - Khagan title: Ukhaantu; Temple name: Huizong ; Shundi - (1333–1370); Era names: Zhishun (至順) (1333); Yuantong (元統) (1333–1335); Zhiyuan (至元) (1335–1340); Zhizheng (至正) (1341–1368); Zhiyuan (至元) 1368–1370

Golden Horde

• 
  Batu Khan (1227–1255)


• 
  Sartaq (1255–56)


• 
  Ulaghchi (1257)


• 
  Berke (1257–1266)


• 
  Mengu-Timur (1266–1282)


• 
  Tuda Mengu (1282—1287)


• 
  Talabuga (1287–1291)


• 
  Toqta (1291–1312)


• 
  Uzbeg Khan (1312–1341)


• 
  Tini Beg (1341–1342)


• 
  Jani Beg (1342—1357)


• 
  Berdi Beg (1357—1361)


• 
  Qulpa (1359–1360)


• 
  Nawruz Beg (1360–1361)


• 
  Khidr (1361–1362)


• 
  Timur Khwaja (1362)


• 
  Abdallah (1362–1370), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Murad (1362–1367), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Aziz (1367–1369), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Jani Beg II (1369–1370), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Muhammad Bolak (1370–1379), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Tulun Beg Khanum (as regent) (1370–1373), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Aig Beg (1373–1376), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Arab Shaykh (1376–1379), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Kagan Beg (1375–1376), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Ilbani (1373–1376), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Hajji Cherkes (1375–1376), actual ruler was Mamai
  


• 
  Urus Khan (1376–1378), Urus was also Khan of the White Horde and uncle of Toqtamish, allowing the Hordes to unite.


• 
  Freky Aziz Reffelruz (1378–1380)


• 
  Tokhtamysh (1380–1395)


• 
  Temür Qutlugh (1396–1401), actual ruler was Edigu
  


• 
  Shadi Beg (1399–1407), actual ruler was Edigu
  


• 
  Pulad (1407–1410), actual ruler was Edigu
  


• 
  Temür (1410–1412)


• 
  Jalal ad-Din khan (1411–1412)


• 
  Feicüs al-Doste (1413–1414)


• Karimberdi


• Kebeg


• 
  Jabbar Berdi (1417–1419)


• 
  Olugh Mokhammad (1419–1421, 1428–1433)


• 
  Dawlat Berdi (1419–1421, 1427–1432)


• 
  Baraq (1422–1427)


• 
  Seyid Akhmed (1433–1435)


• 
  Küchük Muhammad (1435–1459)


• 
  Mahmud (1459–1465)


• 
  Ahmed (1465–1481)


• 
  Shayk Ahmad (1481–1498, 1499–1502)


• 
  Murtada (1498–1499)

Left wing (White Horde)

• 
  Orda (1226–1251)


• 
  Qun Quran (1251–c.1280)


• 
  Köchü (c.1280–1302)


• 
  Buyan (Bayan) (1302–1309)


• 
  Sasibuqa (1309–1315)


• 
  Ilbasan (1315–1320)


• 
  Mubarak Khwaja (1320–1344)


• 
  Chimtay (1344–1374)


• 
  Urus (1374–1376)


• 
  Toqtaqiya (1376)


• 
  Timur-Malik (1377)


• 
  Tokhtamysh (1377–1378)


• 
  Koiruchik (1378–1399)


• 
  Baraq (1423–1428)


• 
  Muhammed (1428–1431)


• 
  Mustafa (1431–1446)

This Horde was annexed by Abu'l-Khayr Khan of the Shaybanids in 1446.

Right wing (Blue Horde)

Actual rulers of the Golden Horde (Jochid Ulus, Kipchak Khanate) were members of the House of Batu until 1361.

• 
  Batu Khan (1227–1255)


• 
  Sartaq (1255–56)


• 
  Ulaghchi (1257)


• 
  Berke (1257–1266)


• 
  Mengu-Timur (1266–1282)


• 
  Tuda Mengu (1282–1287)


• 
  Talabuga (1287–1291)


• 
  Toqta (1291–1312)


• 
  Öz Beg Khan (1312–1341)


• 
  Tini Beg (1341–1342)


• 
  Jani Beg (1342–1357)


• 
  Berdi Beg (1357–1361)


• 
  Qulpa (1359–1360)


• 
  Nawruz Beg (1360–1361)


• 
  Khidr (1361–1362)


• 
  Timur Khwaja (1362)


• 
  Abdallah (1362–1370), actual ruler was Mamai
  

Great Horde (1466–1502)

Ilkhanate

• 
  Hülëgü (1256–1265)


• 
  Abaqa (1265–1282)


• 
  Tekuder (1282–1284)


• 
  Arghun (1284–1291)


• 
  Gaykhatu (1291–1295)


• 
  Baydu (1295)


• 
  Ghazan (1295–1304)


• 
  Öljaitü (1304–1316)


• 
  Abu Sa'id (1316–1335)


• 
  Arpa Ke'ün (1335–1336)

After the murder of Arpa, the regional states established during the disintegration of the Ilkhanate raised their own candidates as claimants.

• 
  Musa (1336–1337) (puppet of 'Ali Padshah of Baghdad)


• 
  Muhammad (1336–1338) (Jalayirid puppet)


• 
  Sati Beg (1338–1339) (Chobanid puppet)


• 
  Sulayman (1339–1343) (Chobanid puppet, recognized by the Sarbadars 1341–1343)


• 
  Jahan Temür (1339–1340) (Jalayirid puppet)


• 
  Anushirwan (1343–1356) (non-dynastic Chobanid puppet)


• Ghazan II (1356–1357) (known only from coinage)

Claimants from eastern Persia (Khurasan):

• 
  Togha Temür (c. 1338–1353) (recognized by the Kartids 1338–1349; by the Jalayirids 1338–1339, 1340–1344; by the Sarbadars 1338–1341, 1344, 1353)


• Luqman (1353–1388) (son of Togha Temür)

Chobanids (1335–1357)

Jalayirid Sultanate (1335–1432)

Injuids (1335–1357)

Arghun Dynasty (1479?–1599?)

Chagatai Khanate

• 
  Chagatai Khan 1226–1242


• 
  Qara Hülëgü 1242–1246 d. 1252


• 
  Yesü Möngke 1246–1252


• Qara Hülëgü (restored) 1252


• 
  Mubarak Shah 1252–1260
  
  • 
    Orghana Khatun (fem.), regent 1252–1260


• 
  Alghu 1260–1266


• Mubarak Shah (restored) 1266


• 
  Baraq 1266–1270


• 
  Negübei 1270–c. 1272


• 
  Buqa Temür c. 1272–1287


• 
  Duwa 1287–1307


• 
  Könchek 1306–1308


• 
  Taliqu 1308–1309


• 
  Kebek 1309 d. 1325


• 
  Esen Buqa I 1309–c. 1318


• Kebek (restored) c. 1318–1325


• 
  Eljigidey 1325–1329


• 
  Duwa Temür 1329–1330


• 
  Aladdin Tarmashirin 1331–1334


• 
  Buzan 1334–1335


• 
  Changshi 1335–1338


• 
  Yesun Temur c. 1338–c. 1342 with...


• 
  'Ali-Sultan 1342


• 
  Muhammad I ibn Pulad 1342–1343


• 
  Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur 1343–1346


• 
  Danishmendji 1346–1348

The Chagatai Khanate is split into two parts, western and eastern.

Moghulistan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate)

• 
  Bayan Qulï 1348–1358


• 
  Shah Temür 1358


• 
  Tughlugh Timur (in Mogulistan 1348–1363) 1358–1363


• 
  Ilyas Khodja (in Mogulistan 1363–1368) 1363 d. 1368


• 
  Adil-Sultan 1363


• 
  Khabul Shah 1364–1370

From 1370 on, the Chagatai Khans were puppets of Timur.

• 
  Suurgatmish 1370–1388


• 
  Sultan Mahmud (Mohammed II) 1388–1402

Kara Del (1383–1513)

Al-Adil Kitbugha-Sultan of Mamluk Sultanate (1294–1296)

Northern Yuan dynasty (1368–1634)

Khans or Khagans of the Mongolia-based Northern Yuan dynasty:

• 
  Toghon Temür (1368–1370)


• 
  Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara (1370–1378)


• 
  Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür (1378–1388)


• 
  Jorightu Khan Yesüder (1388–1392)?


• 
  Engke Khan (?–1392)


• 
  Elbeg Nigülesügchi Khan (1392–1399)


• 
  Gün Temür Khan (1400–1402)


• 
  Örüg Temür Khan (Guilichi) - non-chingisid


• 
  Öljei Temür Khan (Bunyashiri) (1403–1412)


• 
  Delbeg Khan (Dalbag) (1415)


• 
  Oyiradai (1415–1425)


• 
  Adai Khan (1425–1438)


• 
  Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha (1433–1452)


• 
  Agbarjin (1453)


• 
  Esen taishi - the leader of the Oirats (1453–1454)


• 
  Markörgis Khan (Ükegtü) (1454–1465)


• 
  Molon Khan (1465–1466)


• 
  Manduul Khan (1475–1478)


• 
  Dayan Khan (Batu Möngke) (1478–1516)


• 
  Bars Bolud Jinong (deputy)


• 
  Bodi Alagh Khan (1516–1547)


• 
  Daraisung Guden Khan (1547–1557)


• 
  Tümen Jasagtu Khan (1557–1592)


• 
  Buyan Sechen Khan (1592–1604)


• 
  Ligdan Khan (1604–1634)

Genghisid Setsen Khans of Eastern Mongolia (1627–1922)

Ancestry of Navaanneren (previous Setsen Khans):

• - Batmunkh Dayan Khaan /1464–1543/, 29th Great Khan and descendant of Genghis Khan (1162–1227) through Kubilai Khan.


• - Gersenz Jalair Khuntaij /1513–1549/, youngest son of Dayan Khan through Queen Samar Ghailu (also called Jimsgene Khatan).


• - Amindural /1550/, fourth son of Gersenz, ruled northern Kerulen river area.


• - Morbuim Taij, son of Amindural.


• - Khar Zagal /until 1627/, son of Morbuim, ruled until 1627.


• 1. Sholoi /1627–1652/, son of Morbuim, succeeded his brother Khar Zagal in 1627. First with the title of Setsen Khan.


• 2. Babu /1652–1683/, fifth son of Sholoi.


• 3. Norov /1683–1701/, third son of Babu.


• 4. Ravdan /1688/


• 5. Omokhei /Sonomdorj/ /1701–1709/, was only 10 years old in 1701, so was brought up under the tutelage of Namjil Erdene Taij, a grandson of Sholoi.


• 6. Gunchin /1709–1728/, eldest son of Omokhei.


• 7. Tsevdenbainjuur /1728–1733/, eldest son of Gunchin.


• 8. Choijav /1733–1735/, grandson of Norov.


• 9. Damiran/1735–1751/, second son of Gunchin.


• 10. Manibadar /1751–1767/, eldest son of Damiran.


• 11. Tsevdenjav /1767–1788/, second son of Damiran.


• 12. Tseveendorj /1788–1795/, eldest son of Tsevdenjav.


• 13. Puntsagdorj /1795/, only son of Tseveendorj.


• 14. Sanzaidorj /1796–1800/, second generation grandson of Choijav.


• 15. Mahashiri /1800–1807/, paternal uncle of Puntsagdorj.


• 16. Enkhtor /1807–1816/, son of Mahashiri.


• 17. Artased/1817–1874/, son of Enkhtor.


• 18. Tserendorj /1874–1893/, son of Artased.


• 19. Demchigdorj /1893–1909/, eldest son of Tserendorj.


• 20. Navaanneren /1910–1922/, eldest son of Tserendondov, who was the son of Orjinjav the son of Artased.

Oirats

Four Oirat (1399–1634)

• 
  Ugetchi Khashikha (c. 1399)


• 
  Batula (Bahamu, Mahamud) (1399–1408)


• 
  Togoon Tayisi (Toghan) (1408–1438)


• 
  Esen (1438–1454)


• 
  Amasanj (1454–1455)


• 
  Ush-Temür (Ish-Temür) (1455–1469)


• Khishig urlugh


• Arkhan chingsang

Dzungar Khanate

• 
  Khara Khula (d. 1634)


• 
  Baatur Khung-Taiji (1634–1653)


• 
  Sengge (1653–1670)


• 
  Galdan Boshugtu Khan (1670–1697)


• 
  Tsewang Arabtan (1694–1727)


• 
  Galdan Tseren Khan (1727–1745)


• Tsewang-Dorji-Namjil (1746–1749)


• Lamdarja (1749–1752)


• Dawachi (1752–1755)

Khans of Khoshut Khanate

• 
  Güshi Khan Toro-Baikhu (1642–1655)


• 
  Dayan Ochir Khan (1655–1669)


• Gonchug Dalai Khan (1669–1698)


• 
  Lhazang Chingis Khan (1698–1717)

Khotgoid Khanate (late 16th century – late 17th century)

Torghud khans of Kalmyk Khanate

• 
  Kho Orluk (d. 1644)


• Shukhur Daichin (1644–1661)


• Puntsuk (1661–1669)


• 
  Ayuka Khan (1669–1724)


• Tseren Donduk Khan (1724–1735)


• Donduk Ombo Khan (1735–1741)


• Donduk Dashi Khan (1741–1761)


• 
  Ubashi Khan (1762–1771)

Bogd Khaanate

• 
  Bogd Khan (r. 1911–19, 1921–24) - Era name: Olnoo Örgögdsön^[2] (1911–1924); (the 8th Jebtsundamba Khutuktu) - Tibetan Spiritual head of Mongolian's Geluk Sect.

References

Citations

Sources

• Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross - The Tarikh-i-rashidi


• Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols


• Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907-1368


• William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5


• Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov - Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system

See also

• History of Mongolia


• Yuan dynasty family tree


• List of Mongol states


• List of heads of state of Mongolia


• List of Mongol khatuns


• Borjigin


• Choros


• Khoshuud