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Supposing that there is a document whose title is blank, We can say it "untitled".

Similarly, if the document has a title but there is no content, How can you say in one word?

I searched dictionaries, but the word "uncontented" has different meanings.

Blank means the document has zero non-whitespace characters, whereas empty is more specific and means means zero characters.

This answer is based on computer science terminology.

A document without content is empty:

[Merriam-Webster]
1 a : containing nothing

// empty shelves

Many software applications make use of the phrase empty document:

From an Oracle user's guide:

CREATE AN EMPTY DOCUMENT …

1. From the File menu, click New > Empty Document. The Create Document window opens.

From an Informatica KB:

ERROR: "Failed to create empty document" while opening PowerCenter client tools …

Launching any of PowerCenter client tools gives a pop-up error "failed to create empty document".

This can happen for any version.

From documentation for CS Professional Suite:

Error: Failed to Create Empty Document error …

You may see this error message when you open FileCabinet CS.

From documentation for Statistica:

Error: Failed to create empty document …

This article details troubleshooting steps when error message 'Failed to create empty document' appears while using Statistica

From documentation for CimEdit:

ERROR: "Failed to Create Empty Document" is Generated when CimEdit is Launched …

CIMPLICITY’s ‘CimEdit’ can fail to open and generates a dialog with an error message "Failed to create Empty Document”. It was found that deleting the windows user account and recreating this user appeared to resolve the issue. However, deleting an entire windows user profile is unpractical in most user environments, so an alternative solution was created.

There is even a Unicode character (U+1F5CB) that's named "EMPTY DOCUMENT." It's represented by the symbol for a piece of paper.

I can't get the Unicode version to reproduce, but the HTML entity equivalent does work:

🗋       🗋

The word contentless appears in some dictionaries, and the second meaning is without content. This is an unusual word, and the second meaning is somewhat obscure. It's also ambiguous as to whether the content is omitted, or present but empty.

A better choice would be a two word phrase: "without content" or "content free".

A document is a piece of written, printed, or electronic matter that has a content, provides information. So a document without content is not really a document. A template can have a title, but no content. You can then easily create a new document based on that template.

A document has no title.
A document had a title, but its contents were blank.