Ideal characterization of almost convergenceextracting a convergence subnet from a sequence which is Cauchy on every bounded subset of $mathbb N$.Does martingale convergence hold for arbitrary time?On sequences which converge to zero with respect to an operator idealDensity-$c_0$ in $ell^infty$

Ideal characterization of almost convergence


extracting a convergence subnet from a sequence which is Cauchy on every bounded subset of $mathbb N$.Does martingale convergence hold for arbitrary time?On sequences which converge to zero with respect to an operator idealDensity-$c_0$ in $ell^infty$













4












$begingroup$


$bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called convergent to $alpha$ in usual sense if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alpha$ is finite.



$bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called statistically convergent to $alpha$ if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alpha$ has natural density $0$. The natural density $d$ of $Asubsetmathbb N$ is defined by $d(A)=limlimits_ntoinftyfracn$, (provided the limit exists) where $|A|$ denotes the cardinality of $A$.



$bullet$ A bounded real sequences $x=(x_n)_n$ is said to be almost convergent to $alpha$ if all the Banach limit functionals give an unique value for the sequence $x$.



A family $mathcal I$ of subsets of $mathbb N$ is said to be an ideal in $mathbb N$ if



(i) $A,Bin mathcal I$ $implies $ $Acup Bin mathcal I$



(ii) $Ain mathcal I$ and $Bsubset A$ $implies$ $Bin mathcal I$



$bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called $mathcal I$-convergent to $alpha$ in usual sense if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alphain mathcal I$.



$$dotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdots$$



$mathcal I_f=Asubsetmathbb N: A text is finite$ and $mathcal I_d=Asubsetmathbb N: d(A)=0$ become ideals in $mathbb N$. Moreover, $mathcal I_f$-convergence and $mathcal I_d$-convergence coincide with usual convergence and statistical convergence respectively. But, what is the ideal in the case of almost convergence?



My Question : Find the ideal $mathcal I$ for which $mathcal I$-convergence coincides with the almost convergence. Is it available in literature?










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$


















    4












    $begingroup$


    $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called convergent to $alpha$ in usual sense if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alpha$ is finite.



    $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called statistically convergent to $alpha$ if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alpha$ has natural density $0$. The natural density $d$ of $Asubsetmathbb N$ is defined by $d(A)=limlimits_ntoinftyfracn$, (provided the limit exists) where $|A|$ denotes the cardinality of $A$.



    $bullet$ A bounded real sequences $x=(x_n)_n$ is said to be almost convergent to $alpha$ if all the Banach limit functionals give an unique value for the sequence $x$.



    A family $mathcal I$ of subsets of $mathbb N$ is said to be an ideal in $mathbb N$ if



    (i) $A,Bin mathcal I$ $implies $ $Acup Bin mathcal I$



    (ii) $Ain mathcal I$ and $Bsubset A$ $implies$ $Bin mathcal I$



    $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called $mathcal I$-convergent to $alpha$ in usual sense if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alphain mathcal I$.



    $$dotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdots$$



    $mathcal I_f=Asubsetmathbb N: A text is finite$ and $mathcal I_d=Asubsetmathbb N: d(A)=0$ become ideals in $mathbb N$. Moreover, $mathcal I_f$-convergence and $mathcal I_d$-convergence coincide with usual convergence and statistical convergence respectively. But, what is the ideal in the case of almost convergence?



    My Question : Find the ideal $mathcal I$ for which $mathcal I$-convergence coincides with the almost convergence. Is it available in literature?










    share|cite|improve this question









    $endgroup$
















      4












      4








      4


      1



      $begingroup$


      $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called convergent to $alpha$ in usual sense if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alpha$ is finite.



      $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called statistically convergent to $alpha$ if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alpha$ has natural density $0$. The natural density $d$ of $Asubsetmathbb N$ is defined by $d(A)=limlimits_ntoinftyfracn$, (provided the limit exists) where $|A|$ denotes the cardinality of $A$.



      $bullet$ A bounded real sequences $x=(x_n)_n$ is said to be almost convergent to $alpha$ if all the Banach limit functionals give an unique value for the sequence $x$.



      A family $mathcal I$ of subsets of $mathbb N$ is said to be an ideal in $mathbb N$ if



      (i) $A,Bin mathcal I$ $implies $ $Acup Bin mathcal I$



      (ii) $Ain mathcal I$ and $Bsubset A$ $implies$ $Bin mathcal I$



      $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called $mathcal I$-convergent to $alpha$ in usual sense if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alphain mathcal I$.



      $$dotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdots$$



      $mathcal I_f=Asubsetmathbb N: A text is finite$ and $mathcal I_d=Asubsetmathbb N: d(A)=0$ become ideals in $mathbb N$. Moreover, $mathcal I_f$-convergence and $mathcal I_d$-convergence coincide with usual convergence and statistical convergence respectively. But, what is the ideal in the case of almost convergence?



      My Question : Find the ideal $mathcal I$ for which $mathcal I$-convergence coincides with the almost convergence. Is it available in literature?










      share|cite|improve this question









      $endgroup$




      $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called convergent to $alpha$ in usual sense if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alpha$ is finite.



      $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called statistically convergent to $alpha$ if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alpha$ has natural density $0$. The natural density $d$ of $Asubsetmathbb N$ is defined by $d(A)=limlimits_ntoinftyfracn$, (provided the limit exists) where $|A|$ denotes the cardinality of $A$.



      $bullet$ A bounded real sequences $x=(x_n)_n$ is said to be almost convergent to $alpha$ if all the Banach limit functionals give an unique value for the sequence $x$.



      A family $mathcal I$ of subsets of $mathbb N$ is said to be an ideal in $mathbb N$ if



      (i) $A,Bin mathcal I$ $implies $ $Acup Bin mathcal I$



      (ii) $Ain mathcal I$ and $Bsubset A$ $implies$ $Bin mathcal I$



      $bullet$ A real sequence $x=(x_n)_n$ is called $mathcal I$-convergent to $alpha$ in usual sense if for any $epsilon>0$ the set $x_n-alphain mathcal I$.



      $$dotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdotsdots$$



      $mathcal I_f=Asubsetmathbb N: A text is finite$ and $mathcal I_d=Asubsetmathbb N: d(A)=0$ become ideals in $mathbb N$. Moreover, $mathcal I_f$-convergence and $mathcal I_d$-convergence coincide with usual convergence and statistical convergence respectively. But, what is the ideal in the case of almost convergence?



      My Question : Find the ideal $mathcal I$ for which $mathcal I$-convergence coincides with the almost convergence. Is it available in literature?







      fa.functional-analysis gn.general-topology sequences-and-series limits-and-convergence






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      share|cite|improve this question




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      asked 10 hours ago









      Biswa Ranjan DattBiswa Ranjan Datt

      1214 bronze badges




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          $begingroup$

          Such an ideal does not exist.



          Indeed, suppose the contrary, and let $I$ be such an ideal. The sequence $(x_n)=(1,0,1,0,dots)$ is almost convergent, and therefore $I$-convergent, to $1/2$. So,
          $$mathbb N=ninmathbb Ncolonin I,
          $$

          and hence $I$ is the powerset of $mathbb N$. So, every sequence is $I$-convergent, and therefore almost convergent, to every real limit, which is of course absurd.




          This consideration also shows that the Cesàro convergence -- which is implied by the almost-convergence -- is also not the $I$-convergence, for any ideal $I$.






          share|cite|improve this answer











          $endgroup$

















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            8













            $begingroup$

            Such an ideal does not exist.



            Indeed, suppose the contrary, and let $I$ be such an ideal. The sequence $(x_n)=(1,0,1,0,dots)$ is almost convergent, and therefore $I$-convergent, to $1/2$. So,
            $$mathbb N=ninmathbb Ncolonin I,
            $$

            and hence $I$ is the powerset of $mathbb N$. So, every sequence is $I$-convergent, and therefore almost convergent, to every real limit, which is of course absurd.




            This consideration also shows that the Cesàro convergence -- which is implied by the almost-convergence -- is also not the $I$-convergence, for any ideal $I$.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$



















              8













              $begingroup$

              Such an ideal does not exist.



              Indeed, suppose the contrary, and let $I$ be such an ideal. The sequence $(x_n)=(1,0,1,0,dots)$ is almost convergent, and therefore $I$-convergent, to $1/2$. So,
              $$mathbb N=ninmathbb Ncolonin I,
              $$

              and hence $I$ is the powerset of $mathbb N$. So, every sequence is $I$-convergent, and therefore almost convergent, to every real limit, which is of course absurd.




              This consideration also shows that the Cesàro convergence -- which is implied by the almost-convergence -- is also not the $I$-convergence, for any ideal $I$.






              share|cite|improve this answer











              $endgroup$

















                8














                8










                8







                $begingroup$

                Such an ideal does not exist.



                Indeed, suppose the contrary, and let $I$ be such an ideal. The sequence $(x_n)=(1,0,1,0,dots)$ is almost convergent, and therefore $I$-convergent, to $1/2$. So,
                $$mathbb N=ninmathbb Ncolonin I,
                $$

                and hence $I$ is the powerset of $mathbb N$. So, every sequence is $I$-convergent, and therefore almost convergent, to every real limit, which is of course absurd.




                This consideration also shows that the Cesàro convergence -- which is implied by the almost-convergence -- is also not the $I$-convergence, for any ideal $I$.






                share|cite|improve this answer











                $endgroup$



                Such an ideal does not exist.



                Indeed, suppose the contrary, and let $I$ be such an ideal. The sequence $(x_n)=(1,0,1,0,dots)$ is almost convergent, and therefore $I$-convergent, to $1/2$. So,
                $$mathbb N=ninmathbb Ncolonin I,
                $$

                and hence $I$ is the powerset of $mathbb N$. So, every sequence is $I$-convergent, and therefore almost convergent, to every real limit, which is of course absurd.




                This consideration also shows that the Cesàro convergence -- which is implied by the almost-convergence -- is also not the $I$-convergence, for any ideal $I$.







                share|cite|improve this answer














                share|cite|improve this answer



                share|cite|improve this answer








                edited 6 hours ago

























                answered 9 hours ago









                Iosif PinelisIosif Pinelis

                24.8k3 gold badges29 silver badges66 bronze badges




                24.8k3 gold badges29 silver badges66 bronze badges






























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