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Stalaktit Lihat pula | Referensi | Pranala luar | Menu navigasiHalaman Gua Virtual mengenai stalaktitStalaktit

Geologi


bahasa Yunaniguakapurbahasa Inggrispengendapankalsium karbonatBatu kapurbatuanairkarbon dioksidakalsium bikarbonatRumus kimiaguaudara










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Stalaktit




Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas






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Stalaktit dari jenis yang disebut "sedotan soda", di gua Choranche, Dataran Tinggi Vercors, Prancis.


Stalaktit (bahasa Yunani: σταλάσσω, stalasso, artinya "yang menetes") adalah jenis speleothem (mineral sekunder) yang menggantung dari langit-langit gua kapur. Ia termasuk dalam jenis batu tetes (bahasa Inggris: dripstone).


Stalaktit terbentuk dari pengendapan kalsium karbonat dan mineral lainnya, yang terendapkan pada larutan air bermineral. Batu kapur adalah batuan kalsium karbonat, yang dilarutkan oleh air yang mengandung karbon dioksida, sehingga membentuk larutan kalsium bikarbonat. Rumus kimia untuk reaksi ini adalah:[1]



CaCO(s)3 + H2O(l) + CO(aq)2 → Ca(HCO3)(aq)2

Larutan ini mengalir melalui bebatu sampai mencapai sebuah tepi, dan jika tepi ini berada di atap gua maka larutan akan menetes ke bawah. Ketika larutan mengalami kontak dengan udara, terjadi reaksi kimia yang terbalik dari sebelumnya dan partikel kalsium karbonat tersimpan sebagai endapan. Reaksi kimia terbalik tersebut adalah sebagai berikut:[1]



Ca(HCO3)(aq)2 → CaCO(s)3 + H2O(l) + CO(aq)2

Tingkat pertumbuhan rata-rata stalaktit adalah 0,13 mm (0,005 inci) setahun. Pertumbuhan stalaktit tumbuh tercepat adalah yang dibentuk oleh air yang mengalir cepat serta kaya akan karbonat kalsium dan karbon dioksida, sehingga dapat tumbuh 3 mm (0,12 inci) per tahun.[2]



Lihat pula |


  • Karst


Referensi |




  1. ^ abBraund, Martin; Reiss, Jonathan (2004), Learning Science Outside the Classroom, Routledge, hlm. 155–156, ISBN 0415321166 


  2. ^ Kramer, Stephen P.; Day, Kenrick L. (1995), Caves, Carolrhoda Books (dipublikasikan tanggal 1994), hlm. 23, ISBN 9780876144473 




Pranala luar |




  • Halaman Gua Virtual mengenai stalaktit

  • "Stalaktit" oleh Enrique Zeleny, Proyek Demonstrasi Wolfram.




Diperoleh dari "https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stalaktit&oldid=14774084"













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