簇生黄韧伞 目录 分类与命名 描述 分布和习性 毒性 参考资料 导航菜单Some Poisonous Fungi of East Anatolia
球盖菇科毒蕈
球盖菇科韧伞属种加词日语菌盖孢印安纳托利亚蛋白尿
簇生黄韧伞
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二名法 | ||||||||||||||
Hypholoma fasciculare 保罗·库默尔 | ||||||||||||||
異名 | ||||||||||||||
Naematoloma fasciculare |
body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.infobox captiontext-align:center
| Hypholoma fasciculare | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | 子實層上有菌褶 |
 | 蕈傘凸面 |
 | 子實層自由下垂 |
 | 蕈柄有環狀構造 |
 | 孢印棕色 |
 | 異養腐生真菌 |
 | 有毒 |
簇生黄韧伞（学名：Hypholoma fasciculare）是一种常见的林地蘑菇，属球盖菇科韧伞属。这种真菌往往成簇生长在树桩、死根或阔叶树腐烂的树干上。
这种蘑菇是苦的且有毒，食用后可引起呕吐，腹泻和痉挛。主要有毒成分已被命名fasciculol E和fasciculol F。[1]
目录
1 分类与命名
2 描述
3 分布和习性
4 毒性
5 参考资料
分类与命名
其种加词来自拉丁语fascicularis，意为簇生，[2]指这种蘑菇喜好成簇生长。其名称在日语为“苦栗茸”。
描述
簇生黄韧伞的半球形菌盖直径可以达到6厘米。它表面平滑，主要为硫磺色，中心为橙褐色，边缘发白。菌褶最初为黄色，随着孢子的成熟，慢慢变为颜色鲜明的暗绿色。它有一个紫褐色孢印。[3]菌柄高度可达10厘米，直径1厘米，为浅黄色，根部为橙棕色。味道非常苦，煮熟后不苦，但仍然有毒。
分布和习性
簇生黄韧伞生长在死树上，在落叶和针叶树的朽木均能生长。在落叶树的腐烂木上更常见，因为相对于针叶树，落叶树的木质素含量降低。其分布广泛，在北欧和北美很常见。伊朗[4] 和土耳其安纳托利亚东部[5]也有分布记载。这种蘑菇从春天到秋天都可生长。[3]
毒性
毒性可能在食用后5-10小时发作，症状可能有腹泻，恶心，呕吐，蛋白尿和眩晕。亦有可能发生麻痹和视力障碍。症状一般在几天内消失。
参考资料
^ [1]
^ Simpson, D.P. Cassell's Latin Dictionary 5. London: Cassell Ltd. 1979: 883. ISBN 0-304-52257-0.
^ 3.03.1 Nilsson, Sven & Persson, Olle. Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi. Penguin, New York. 1977. ISBN 0-14-063-006-6.
^ Asef Shayan, M.R. قارچهای سمی ایران (Qarch-ha-ye Sammi-ye Iran) [Poisonous mushrooms of Iran]. Iran shenasi. 2010: 214. ISBN 978-964-2725-29-8 （波斯语）.
^ Demirel K, Uzun Y, Kaya A. Some Poisonous Fungi of East Anatolia (PDF). Turk J Bot. 2004, 28: 215–19 [2008-02-08].
分类：
- 球盖菇科
- 毒蕈
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