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What determines the top speed in ice skating?


What is the function of the top point of a bouncing ball?What determines the angle of the cushion on a pool table?What determines the speed required to pull a table cloth?Why does ice fall from the top of the ice tray first?Why doesn't the top block's mass affect the acceleration of the bottom block when they're stacked?What would the ideal amount of gravity be for an Olympic sprinter?Roller coaster loop top speedWhat makes a forever spin top special?






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5












$begingroup$


I was watching a hockey skating competition. The best skaters are able to accelerate quickly and turn without losing much speed; however, most people have similar top speed around 20-25 mph.
What is the bottleneck on top speed in skating? It must be the skate friction somehow because speed skating, which uses different skate, is much faster than ice hockey skating in terms of top speed.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    IDK, even despite the fact that I have skated on a speed-skating oval, but if they're really going 25 miles per hour, the wind resistance will not be trivial.
    $endgroup$
    – Solomon Slow
    8 hours ago

















5












$begingroup$


I was watching a hockey skating competition. The best skaters are able to accelerate quickly and turn without losing much speed; however, most people have similar top speed around 20-25 mph.
What is the bottleneck on top speed in skating? It must be the skate friction somehow because speed skating, which uses different skate, is much faster than ice hockey skating in terms of top speed.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    IDK, even despite the fact that I have skated on a speed-skating oval, but if they're really going 25 miles per hour, the wind resistance will not be trivial.
    $endgroup$
    – Solomon Slow
    8 hours ago













5












5








5





$begingroup$


I was watching a hockey skating competition. The best skaters are able to accelerate quickly and turn without losing much speed; however, most people have similar top speed around 20-25 mph.
What is the bottleneck on top speed in skating? It must be the skate friction somehow because speed skating, which uses different skate, is much faster than ice hockey skating in terms of top speed.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




I was watching a hockey skating competition. The best skaters are able to accelerate quickly and turn without losing much speed; however, most people have similar top speed around 20-25 mph.
What is the bottleneck on top speed in skating? It must be the skate friction somehow because speed skating, which uses different skate, is much faster than ice hockey skating in terms of top speed.







newtonian-mechanics friction biology






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share|cite|improve this question













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share|cite|improve this question








edited 7 hours ago









Qmechanic

114k13 gold badges228 silver badges1358 bronze badges




114k13 gold badges228 silver badges1358 bronze badges










asked 9 hours ago









Shuheng ZhengShuheng Zheng

3662 silver badges12 bronze badges




3662 silver badges12 bronze badges














  • $begingroup$
    IDK, even despite the fact that I have skated on a speed-skating oval, but if they're really going 25 miles per hour, the wind resistance will not be trivial.
    $endgroup$
    – Solomon Slow
    8 hours ago
















  • $begingroup$
    IDK, even despite the fact that I have skated on a speed-skating oval, but if they're really going 25 miles per hour, the wind resistance will not be trivial.
    $endgroup$
    – Solomon Slow
    8 hours ago















$begingroup$
IDK, even despite the fact that I have skated on a speed-skating oval, but if they're really going 25 miles per hour, the wind resistance will not be trivial.
$endgroup$
– Solomon Slow
8 hours ago




$begingroup$
IDK, even despite the fact that I have skated on a speed-skating oval, but if they're really going 25 miles per hour, the wind resistance will not be trivial.
$endgroup$
– Solomon Slow
8 hours ago










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















6














$begingroup$

Two important things come into play:



1) Air resistance and friction with the ice.
Kinetic friction is not completely linear, but it won't increase with speed the way air resistance does. Air resistance will be a significant force at 25 mph.



2) Leg Speed.
To exert a propulsive force on the ice, when you go to accelerate you must be moving your foot at more than 25 mph since that is how fast the ice is moving relative to your body to begin with. This is, incidentally, also the major limiting factor for runners, and the reason why people can get to much higher speeds on bikes.



As Nuclear Wang points out in the comments, bikes don't completely skirt this limitation - they are limited by tire speed which is limited by leg speed. But the mechanical advantage of the pedal system allows the tire speed >> leg speed






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$










  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Great point about leg speed - even in a vacuum on frictionless (when necessary) ice, you can't move faster than your own legs will push you. The mechanical advantage of a bike (gears) means your top speed is only constrained by friction and drag, which is why the bicycle speed record is about 5x that of the skating speed record.
    $endgroup$
    – Nuclear Wang
    8 hours ago


















0














$begingroup$

In ice hockey skating, you want maximum maneuverability while in speed skating you want the fastest speed. To maneuver on skates requires a coefficient of friction higher than that of skating straight ahead. I don't know what the skates look like but I'd think the sides of the blades would have high coefficient while the bottoms would have lower.






share|cite|improve this answer









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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    6














    $begingroup$

    Two important things come into play:



    1) Air resistance and friction with the ice.
    Kinetic friction is not completely linear, but it won't increase with speed the way air resistance does. Air resistance will be a significant force at 25 mph.



    2) Leg Speed.
    To exert a propulsive force on the ice, when you go to accelerate you must be moving your foot at more than 25 mph since that is how fast the ice is moving relative to your body to begin with. This is, incidentally, also the major limiting factor for runners, and the reason why people can get to much higher speeds on bikes.



    As Nuclear Wang points out in the comments, bikes don't completely skirt this limitation - they are limited by tire speed which is limited by leg speed. But the mechanical advantage of the pedal system allows the tire speed >> leg speed






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$










    • 2




      $begingroup$
      Great point about leg speed - even in a vacuum on frictionless (when necessary) ice, you can't move faster than your own legs will push you. The mechanical advantage of a bike (gears) means your top speed is only constrained by friction and drag, which is why the bicycle speed record is about 5x that of the skating speed record.
      $endgroup$
      – Nuclear Wang
      8 hours ago















    6














    $begingroup$

    Two important things come into play:



    1) Air resistance and friction with the ice.
    Kinetic friction is not completely linear, but it won't increase with speed the way air resistance does. Air resistance will be a significant force at 25 mph.



    2) Leg Speed.
    To exert a propulsive force on the ice, when you go to accelerate you must be moving your foot at more than 25 mph since that is how fast the ice is moving relative to your body to begin with. This is, incidentally, also the major limiting factor for runners, and the reason why people can get to much higher speeds on bikes.



    As Nuclear Wang points out in the comments, bikes don't completely skirt this limitation - they are limited by tire speed which is limited by leg speed. But the mechanical advantage of the pedal system allows the tire speed >> leg speed






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$










    • 2




      $begingroup$
      Great point about leg speed - even in a vacuum on frictionless (when necessary) ice, you can't move faster than your own legs will push you. The mechanical advantage of a bike (gears) means your top speed is only constrained by friction and drag, which is why the bicycle speed record is about 5x that of the skating speed record.
      $endgroup$
      – Nuclear Wang
      8 hours ago













    6














    6










    6







    $begingroup$

    Two important things come into play:



    1) Air resistance and friction with the ice.
    Kinetic friction is not completely linear, but it won't increase with speed the way air resistance does. Air resistance will be a significant force at 25 mph.



    2) Leg Speed.
    To exert a propulsive force on the ice, when you go to accelerate you must be moving your foot at more than 25 mph since that is how fast the ice is moving relative to your body to begin with. This is, incidentally, also the major limiting factor for runners, and the reason why people can get to much higher speeds on bikes.



    As Nuclear Wang points out in the comments, bikes don't completely skirt this limitation - they are limited by tire speed which is limited by leg speed. But the mechanical advantage of the pedal system allows the tire speed >> leg speed






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$



    Two important things come into play:



    1) Air resistance and friction with the ice.
    Kinetic friction is not completely linear, but it won't increase with speed the way air resistance does. Air resistance will be a significant force at 25 mph.



    2) Leg Speed.
    To exert a propulsive force on the ice, when you go to accelerate you must be moving your foot at more than 25 mph since that is how fast the ice is moving relative to your body to begin with. This is, incidentally, also the major limiting factor for runners, and the reason why people can get to much higher speeds on bikes.



    As Nuclear Wang points out in the comments, bikes don't completely skirt this limitation - they are limited by tire speed which is limited by leg speed. But the mechanical advantage of the pedal system allows the tire speed >> leg speed







    share|cite|improve this answer














    share|cite|improve this answer



    share|cite|improve this answer








    edited 7 hours ago

























    answered 8 hours ago









    Señor OSeñor O

    2,46712 silver badges13 bronze badges




    2,46712 silver badges13 bronze badges










    • 2




      $begingroup$
      Great point about leg speed - even in a vacuum on frictionless (when necessary) ice, you can't move faster than your own legs will push you. The mechanical advantage of a bike (gears) means your top speed is only constrained by friction and drag, which is why the bicycle speed record is about 5x that of the skating speed record.
      $endgroup$
      – Nuclear Wang
      8 hours ago












    • 2




      $begingroup$
      Great point about leg speed - even in a vacuum on frictionless (when necessary) ice, you can't move faster than your own legs will push you. The mechanical advantage of a bike (gears) means your top speed is only constrained by friction and drag, which is why the bicycle speed record is about 5x that of the skating speed record.
      $endgroup$
      – Nuclear Wang
      8 hours ago







    2




    2




    $begingroup$
    Great point about leg speed - even in a vacuum on frictionless (when necessary) ice, you can't move faster than your own legs will push you. The mechanical advantage of a bike (gears) means your top speed is only constrained by friction and drag, which is why the bicycle speed record is about 5x that of the skating speed record.
    $endgroup$
    – Nuclear Wang
    8 hours ago




    $begingroup$
    Great point about leg speed - even in a vacuum on frictionless (when necessary) ice, you can't move faster than your own legs will push you. The mechanical advantage of a bike (gears) means your top speed is only constrained by friction and drag, which is why the bicycle speed record is about 5x that of the skating speed record.
    $endgroup$
    – Nuclear Wang
    8 hours ago













    0














    $begingroup$

    In ice hockey skating, you want maximum maneuverability while in speed skating you want the fastest speed. To maneuver on skates requires a coefficient of friction higher than that of skating straight ahead. I don't know what the skates look like but I'd think the sides of the blades would have high coefficient while the bottoms would have lower.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$



















      0














      $begingroup$

      In ice hockey skating, you want maximum maneuverability while in speed skating you want the fastest speed. To maneuver on skates requires a coefficient of friction higher than that of skating straight ahead. I don't know what the skates look like but I'd think the sides of the blades would have high coefficient while the bottoms would have lower.






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$

















        0














        0










        0







        $begingroup$

        In ice hockey skating, you want maximum maneuverability while in speed skating you want the fastest speed. To maneuver on skates requires a coefficient of friction higher than that of skating straight ahead. I don't know what the skates look like but I'd think the sides of the blades would have high coefficient while the bottoms would have lower.






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$



        In ice hockey skating, you want maximum maneuverability while in speed skating you want the fastest speed. To maneuver on skates requires a coefficient of friction higher than that of skating straight ahead. I don't know what the skates look like but I'd think the sides of the blades would have high coefficient while the bottoms would have lower.







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered 8 hours ago









        jmhjmh

        1,6571 gold badge5 silver badges11 bronze badges




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