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Enstatiet Inhoud Meteoriete | Kristalstruktuur | Verwysings | Navigasie-keuseskermmindat 1384handbook of mineralsGeos 306The enstatite chondrites BrianMason Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 30(1), 1966, 23-26,Enstatite achondrite meteorites (aubrites) and the histories of their asteroidal parent bodies KlausKeil Chemie der Erde - Geochemistry 70(4), 2010, bls. 295-317The structure of Enstatite B.E. Warren, D.I. Modell 1930 Z. Krist 75?

Nickel-Strunz 9.DA-mineraleSilikaatminerale


inosilikateNoorweëIerlandTanzaniëLesothomengkristallechondrieteachondrieteaubrieteforsteriet












Enstatiet




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Enstatiet

Enstatite-83152.jpg  
Enstatiet 
Formule
MgSiO3 
OnsuiwerhedeFe,Ca,Al,Co,Ni,Mn,Ti,Cr,Na,K 
Nickel-Strunz (10)9.DA.05  
Kleurwit, gelerig groen, bruin, groenerig wit of grys, olyfgroen 
Streepgrys tot wit 
Glansglasagtig, pêrelagtig [1] 
Hardheid5-6 (Mohs) 
Digtheid3,2-3,9 g/cm3 

Optiese eienskappe 
Dubbelbrekingtweeassig (+) 
RI-waardesnα = 1.650 - 1.668 nβ = 1.652 - 1.673 nγ = 1.659 - 1.679 

Kristallografie 
Kristalsisteemortorombies 
RuimtegroepPbca 
Eenheidsela = 18.23 Å, b = 8.84 Å, c = 5.19 Å 

MgSiO3 unit cell.png
* Lys van minerale

Enstatiet is 'n mineraal uit die inosilikate. Chemies is dit 'n magnesiummetasilikaat met die formule MgSiO3.


Die naam is Grieks vir teenstander, vanweë sy vuurvaste gedrag onder 'n blaaspyp.
Die mineraal is dimorf met klinoënstatiet en vorm 'n reeks met ferrosiliet. Die behoort tot die pirokseengroep. Dit is dikwels geassosieer met olivien, flogopiet, klinopirokseen, diopsied, spinel en piroop.
Dit kom wydverbreid voor in prokseniete, peridotiete en duniete, in ultramafiese insluitsels in alkaliese olivienbasalt en kimberliet; in mafiese (selde felsiese) vulkaniese materiaal. Van die vindplekke is Zdár in Tsjeggië, Ødegården in Noorweë, Dawros in Connaught Ierland. Kristalle word in Mbeya, Tanzanië en Liahobong, Lesotho aangetref.[2]


Die reeks mengkristalle (Fe,Mg)SiO3 (Ferrosiliet / enstatiet) word dikwels pirokseen genoem. Dit is 'n baie belangrike mineraal want dit vorm tot ~25% van die boonste laag van die aarde se mantel.
Pirokseen transformeer na 'n monokliniese struktuur by hoë druk en dit is dalk die oorsaak van die oorgang -die 'X-diskontinuïteit' wat op 220 km diep in die mantel van die aarde waargeneem word.[3]




Inhoud





  • 1 Meteoriete

    • 1.1 Chondriete


    • 1.2 Achondriete



  • 2 Kristalstruktuur


  • 3 Verwysings




Meteoriete |



Chondriete |


Die mineraal word ook in chondriete aangetref. Meteoriete van die E-klas (die enstatiet-chondriete) kan 40-60% enstatiet of sy monokliniese dimorf klinoënstatiet bevat, naas kamaciet, troiliet en soms plagioklaas.[4]



Achondriete |


Daar is ook enstatiet-achondriete. Hulle word aubriete genoem. Hulle bestaan hoofsaaklik uit amper FeO-vrye enstatiet met effens albitiese plgioklaas, amper FeO-vrye diopsied en forsteriet, metallieke yster en nikkel en troiliet. Daarnaas bevat hulle talle seldsame minerale wat op aarde dikwels onbekend is en wat onder sterk reduserende omstandighede gevorm het. [5]



Kristalstruktuur |


Die kristalstruktuur bevat eindelose kettings van silikaat-tetraëders wat suurstofatome op twee van hulle hoeke met 'n buur-tetraëder deel. Dit verklaar die 1:3 verhouding van Si:O. Hierdie kettings loop ewewydig aan die "c"-as van die ortorombiese sel. Die magnesium- (en/of yster-)ione sit in tetraëders gevorm deur suurstof atome van verskillende kettings en houd die vesels bymekaar. Die struktuur is verwant aan diopsied s'n.[6]



Verwysings |




  1. ↑ mindat 1384.


  2. ↑ handbook of minerals


  3. ↑ Geos 306


  4. ↑ The enstatite chondrites BrianMason Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 30(1), 1966, 23-26,


  5. ↑ Enstatite achondrite meteorites (aubrites) and the histories of their asteroidal parent bodies KlausKeil Chemie der Erde - Geochemistry 70(4), 2010, bls. 295-317


  6. ↑ The structure of Enstatite B.E. Warren, D.I. Modell 1930 Z. Krist 75?









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