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Meaning of the negation in phrases like “не должен прочитать”

What cases are used after negation? What are the rules?Can you provide two sentences that mean the same, but one sentence is formally a negation of another?Is “не должен (быть)” like “must not”Negation of feminine nouns in the accusative caseWhat is the different between “возвратиться” and “вернуться”?Are there truly “empty” perfectivizing prefixes in Russian? (aspectual clusters versus aspectual pairs)Can you use “едать” and “игрывать” in the present and future tenses?How can I finally understand the confusing modal verb “мочь”?The impossibly difficult modal “должен”How should I interpret phrases like “должен ли Путин уйти”?

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2

I am often confused by phrases like "не должен прочитать," "не должен сделать," "не должен работать," "не должен платить" and so on. Sometimes the negation appears to refer to "должен," and sometimes - to the subsequent verb (i.e., to "прочитать" or whatever follows after "должен"). That is, I often get confused as to which interpretation is correct - "is not obliged to read" or "is obliged not to read."

My question is this: Is there any simple rule or trick to determine which verb is implied to be negated in phrases like "не должен прочитать"?

There might be some rule I am not aware of. Or should I always assume that both interpretations are possible unless one of them is excluded by the context?

значения выражения глаголы отрицание

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asked 8 hours ago

MitsukoMitsuko

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2

I am often confused by phrases like "не должен прочитать," "не должен сделать," "не должен работать," "не должен платить" and so on. Sometimes the negation appears to refer to "должен," and sometimes - to the subsequent verb (i.e., to "прочитать" or whatever follows after "должен"). That is, I often get confused as to which interpretation is correct - "is not obliged to read" or "is obliged not to read."

My question is this: Is there any simple rule or trick to determine which verb is implied to be negated in phrases like "не должен прочитать"?

There might be some rule I am not aware of. Or should I always assume that both interpretations are possible unless one of them is excluded by the context?

значения выражения глаголы отрицание

share|improve this question

asked 8 hours ago

MitsukoMitsuko

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add a comment | 

I am often confused by phrases like "не должен прочитать," "не должен сделать," "не должен работать," "не должен платить" and so on. Sometimes the negation appears to refer to "должен," and sometimes - to the subsequent verb (i.e., to "прочитать" or whatever follows after "должен"). That is, I often get confused as to which interpretation is correct - "is not obliged to read" or "is obliged not to read."

My question is this: Is there any simple rule or trick to determine which verb is implied to be negated in phrases like "не должен прочитать"?

There might be some rule I am not aware of. Or should I always assume that both interpretations are possible unless one of them is excluded by the context?

значения выражения глаголы отрицание

share|improve this question

asked 8 hours ago

MitsukoMitsuko

2,52111 gold badge1212 silver badges4343 bronze badges

share|improve this question

asked 8 hours ago

MitsukoMitsuko

2,52111 gold badge1212 silver badges4343 bronze badges

share|improve this question

asked 8 hours ago

MitsukoMitsuko

2,52111 gold badge1212 silver badges4343 bronze badges

asked 8 hours ago

MitsukoMitsuko

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asked 8 hours ago

MitsukoMitsuko

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1 Answer
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4

Usually (usually), imperfective means "should not be doing it":

Он не должен это читать // He cannot be required to be reading this

and perfective means "should be not doing it":

Он не должен это прочитать // He is not allowed to read that.

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Quassnoi♦Quassnoi

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• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Ohh, so the key is in the aspect (perfective vs imperfective)! I had no idea it could be that simple.
  
  – Mitsuko
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I just tried to recall numerous examples and feel that your rule is not universal. In particular, I recall something like "он не должен сейчас быть в университете, потому что сегодня выходной день." I now see two possible interpretations: (1) "He is not obliged to be in the university now, because today is a holiday." (2) "He is expected not to be in the university now, because today is a holiday." I am confused... This verb "должен" is already extremely tricky by itself, and now this ambiguity with the negation adds insult to injury...
  
  – Mitsuko
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @Mitsuko: you're right, that's why I put the "usually" there twice.
  
  – Quassnoi♦
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

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4

Usually (usually), imperfective means "should not be doing it":

Он не должен это читать // He cannot be required to be reading this

and perfective means "should be not doing it":

Он не должен это прочитать // He is not allowed to read that.

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Quassnoi♦Quassnoi

34.7k22 gold badges5555 silver badges131131 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Ohh, so the key is in the aspect (perfective vs imperfective)! I had no idea it could be that simple.
  
  – Mitsuko
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I just tried to recall numerous examples and feel that your rule is not universal. In particular, I recall something like "он не должен сейчас быть в университете, потому что сегодня выходной день." I now see two possible interpretations: (1) "He is not obliged to be in the university now, because today is a holiday." (2) "He is expected not to be in the university now, because today is a holiday." I am confused... This verb "должен" is already extremely tricky by itself, and now this ambiguity with the negation adds insult to injury...
  
  – Mitsuko
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @Mitsuko: you're right, that's why I put the "usually" there twice.
  
  – Quassnoi♦
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

4

Usually (usually), imperfective means "should not be doing it":

Он не должен это читать // He cannot be required to be reading this

and perfective means "should be not doing it":

Он не должен это прочитать // He is not allowed to read that.

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Quassnoi♦Quassnoi

34.7k22 gold badges5555 silver badges131131 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Ohh, so the key is in the aspect (perfective vs imperfective)! I had no idea it could be that simple.
  
  – Mitsuko
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I just tried to recall numerous examples and feel that your rule is not universal. In particular, I recall something like "он не должен сейчас быть в университете, потому что сегодня выходной день." I now see two possible interpretations: (1) "He is not obliged to be in the university now, because today is a holiday." (2) "He is expected not to be in the university now, because today is a holiday." I am confused... This verb "должен" is already extremely tricky by itself, and now this ambiguity with the negation adds insult to injury...
  
  – Mitsuko
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @Mitsuko: you're right, that's why I put the "usually" there twice.
  
  – Quassnoi♦
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

Usually (usually), imperfective means "should not be doing it":

Он не должен это читать // He cannot be required to be reading this

and perfective means "should be not doing it":

Он не должен это прочитать // He is not allowed to read that.

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Quassnoi♦Quassnoi

34.7k22 gold badges5555 silver badges131131 bronze badges

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

Quassnoi♦Quassnoi

34.7k22 gold badges5555 silver badges131131 bronze badges

answered 8 hours ago

Quassnoi♦Quassnoi

34.7k22 gold badges5555 silver badges131131 bronze badges

answered 8 hours ago

Quassnoi♦Quassnoi

34.7k22 gold badges5555 silver badges131131 bronze badges