(we won't be finding a Find or catching a tryCatch, though)

This is part two of a multi-part series of implementing some interesting R functions. Part one can be found here.

The task:

You are to implement R's match function in as few bytes as possible.

Input:

• 
  x, a possibly empty list/array of integers


• 
  table, a possibly empty list/array of integers


• 
  nomatch, a single integer value


• 
  incomparables, a possibly empty list/array of integers

Output:

• a single array/list of integers O of equal length to x, where each value O[i] represents either:
  
  
  • The index j of the first value in table where table[j]==x[i]
    
  
  
  • 
    nomatch, indicating that no value in table is equal to x[i] OR that x[i] is in the list of incomparables.
  
  

Test Cases

All in the form x, table, nomatch, incomparables -> output
outputs 

[], [1,2,3], 0, [5] -> []

[1, 2, 3], [], 0, [5] -> [0, 0, 0]

[9, 4, 3, 6, 3], [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1], -1, [4] -> [1, -1, 7, 4, 7]

[8, 6, 7, 5, 3, 0, 9], [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5, 8, 9, 7, 9, 3, 2, 3, 8, 4, 6, 2, 6], 1000, [1] -> [12, 8, 14, 5, 1, 1000, 6]

More test cases can be generated as needed.

Additional rules:

• R has 1-based indices, but a consistent alternative-based indices are acceptable. So you can use indices that start at 3 or 17 or whatever, but this must be consistent, and you must indicate this in your answer.


• If you chosen language has a builtin that does this, please also implement your own solution.


• Explanations are appreciated.

This is code-golf, so shortest solution in bytes wins!

Jelly,  10  8 bytes

-2 thanks to Erik the Outgolfer

,⁷y⁵iⱮ⁶o

A full program accepting four command line arguments, incomparables nomatch table x which prints a Jelly representation* of the list of R's match function results.

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How?

e.g. with incomparables nomatch table x = [1,4], 2, [2,4], [4,3,2,1,0]:

,⁷y⁵iⱮ⁶o - Main Link: list, incomparables; list, nomatch
 ⁷ - newline character 'n'
, - pair (incompararables) with (right) [[1,4],'n']
 ⁵ - 5th argument (3rd input = table) [2,4]
 y - translate (right) with lookup (left) [2,'n'] 
 ⁶ - 6th argument (4th input = x) [4,3,2,1,0]
 Ɱ - map with:
 i - first index of (right) in (left) [0,0,1,0,0]
 o - logical OR [2,2,1,2,2]

* An empty list is represented as nothing, a list of lenth one is represented as just the item, while other lists are enclosed in [] and delimited by ,

R, 83 bytes

function(x,t,n,i)sapply(x,function(a)c(which(a==t/!rowSums(outer(t,i,`==`))),n)[1])

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Avoids match, %in% and setdiff.

Ruby, 44 bytes

Zero-indexed.

->x,t,n,ix.map

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R, 55 bytes

In this case, the code doesn't use match with its full functionality, it is just used as an index function. First R answer, so probably incredibly inefficient byte-wise!

Note (thanks to Giuseppe for the info): %in% and setdiff are also both internally implemented using match, so completely getting rid of this surprisingly useful function will result in a mess. Therefore, there is a 150-rep bounty with no deadline for this! (note that setdiff is allowed, though)

function(x,t,n,i)ifelse(x%in%setdiff(t,i),match(x,t),n)

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or...

R, 5 bytes

match

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Jelly, 9 8 bytes

ṣK¥ƒiⱮo⁶

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A full program that takes three arguments: [[table], incomparables], x, nomatch in that order.

Japt, 14 bytes

Ë!XøD ©ÒVbD ªW

Try it