Why are electric shavers specifically permitted under FAR §91.21Is it legal to use RC quadcopters for commercial purposes?Are pilots legally required to verbally declare an emergency to invoke §91.3(b)'s deviation authorization?What constitutes a flight review for the purposes of eligibility for a remote pilot certificate under 14 CFR 107.61(d)(2)?What is the FAA's definition of “for hire”?What does the FAA mean by “Make and Model” of aircraft?Does an instrument rating bridge category and class?When is a CFII required to provide instrument training?Why are piston-engined aircraft generally exempted from U.S. flight recorder requirements?Can an aircraft operator hire a Commercial Pilot to fly their aircraft under part 91?In the US, are inside loops permitted while flying a US- registered DG-1000S sailplane in the “utility” category?
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Why are electric shavers specifically permitted under FAR §91.21
Is it legal to use RC quadcopters for commercial purposes?Are pilots legally required to verbally declare an emergency to invoke §91.3(b)'s deviation authorization?What constitutes a flight review for the purposes of eligibility for a remote pilot certificate under 14 CFR 107.61(d)(2)?What is the FAA's definition of “for hire”?What does the FAA mean by “Make and Model” of aircraft?Does an instrument rating bridge category and class?When is a CFII required to provide instrument training?Why are piston-engined aircraft generally exempted from U.S. flight recorder requirements?Can an aircraft operator hire a Commercial Pilot to fly their aircraft under part 91?In the US, are inside loops permitted while flying a US- registered DG-1000S sailplane in the “utility” category?
.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty margin-bottom:0;
$begingroup$
This struck me as a bit strange, 91.21 which covers electronic devices that can be used during IFR flight has some exceptions, one through three make logical sense (not really sure why portable voice recorders are in there though) but number 4, Electric Shavers, is specifically permitted by the regulation. Are that many people shaving under IFR conditions that this needed to be permitted? Is there some historical or practical reason why electric shavers are specifically named in this regulation?
§ 91.21 Portable electronic devices.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, no person may
operate, nor may any operator or pilot in command of an aircraft allow
the operation of, any portable electronic device on any of the
following U.S.-registered civil aircraft:
(1)Aircraft operated by a holder of an air carrier operating
certificate or an operating certificate; or
(2) Any other aircraft while it is operated under IFR.
(b)Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to -
(1) Portable voice recorders;
(2) Hearing aids;
(3) Heart pacemakers;
(4) Electric shavers; or
(5) Any other portable electronic device that the operator of the
aircraft has determined will not cause interference with the
navigation or communication system of the aircraft on which it is to
be used.
faa-regulations aviation-history regulations far-91
asked 8 hours ago
DaveDave
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
This struck me as a bit strange, 91.21 which covers electronic devices that can be used during IFR flight has some exceptions, one through three make logical sense (not really sure why portable voice recorders are in there though) but number 4, Electric Shavers, is specifically permitted by the regulation. Are that many people shaving under IFR conditions that this needed to be permitted? Is there some historical or practical reason why electric shavers are specifically named in this regulation?
§ 91.21 Portable electronic devices.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, no person may
operate, nor may any operator or pilot in command of an aircraft allow
the operation of, any portable electronic device on any of the
following U.S.-registered civil aircraft:
(1)Aircraft operated by a holder of an air carrier operating
certificate or an operating certificate; or
(2) Any other aircraft while it is operated under IFR.
(b)Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to -
(1) Portable voice recorders;
(2) Hearing aids;
(3) Heart pacemakers;
(4) Electric shavers; or
(5) Any other portable electronic device that the operator of the
aircraft has determined will not cause interference with the
navigation or communication system of the aircraft on which it is to
be used.
faa-regulations aviation-history regulations far-91
asked 8 hours ago
DaveDave
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
I'm willing to bet the reason is similar to why matches are allowed in carry-on baggage but you also need to strip and/or be groped at the security checkpoint. Security theatre.
$endgroup$
– AEhere
8 hours ago
3
$begingroup$
I'm guessing it has to do with someone keen on grooming that used a razor in bumpy IMC because electric shavers we not permitted.
$endgroup$
– ymb1
8 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
This struck me as a bit strange, 91.21 which covers electronic devices that can be used during IFR flight has some exceptions, one through three make logical sense (not really sure why portable voice recorders are in there though) but number 4, Electric Shavers, is specifically permitted by the regulation. Are that many people shaving under IFR conditions that this needed to be permitted? Is there some historical or practical reason why electric shavers are specifically named in this regulation?
§ 91.21 Portable electronic devices.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, no person may
operate, nor may any operator or pilot in command of an aircraft allow
the operation of, any portable electronic device on any of the
following U.S.-registered civil aircraft:
(1)Aircraft operated by a holder of an air carrier operating
certificate or an operating certificate; or
(2) Any other aircraft while it is operated under IFR.
(b)Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to -
(1) Portable voice recorders;
(2) Hearing aids;
(3) Heart pacemakers;
(4) Electric shavers; or
(5) Any other portable electronic device that the operator of the
aircraft has determined will not cause interference with the
navigation or communication system of the aircraft on which it is to
be used.
faa-regulations aviation-history regulations far-91
asked 8 hours ago
DaveDave
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
$endgroup$
This struck me as a bit strange, 91.21 which covers electronic devices that can be used during IFR flight has some exceptions, one through three make logical sense (not really sure why portable voice recorders are in there though) but number 4, Electric Shavers, is specifically permitted by the regulation. Are that many people shaving under IFR conditions that this needed to be permitted? Is there some historical or practical reason why electric shavers are specifically named in this regulation?
§ 91.21 Portable electronic devices.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, no person may
operate, nor may any operator or pilot in command of an aircraft allow
the operation of, any portable electronic device on any of the
following U.S.-registered civil aircraft:
(1)Aircraft operated by a holder of an air carrier operating
certificate or an operating certificate; or
(2) Any other aircraft while it is operated under IFR.
(b)Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to -
(1) Portable voice recorders;
(2) Hearing aids;
(3) Heart pacemakers;
(4) Electric shavers; or
(5) Any other portable electronic device that the operator of the
aircraft has determined will not cause interference with the
navigation or communication system of the aircraft on which it is to
be used.
faa-regulations aviation-history regulations far-91
faa-regulations aviation-history regulations far-91
asked 8 hours ago
DaveDave
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
asked 8 hours ago
DaveDave
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
asked 8 hours ago
DaveDave
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
asked 8 hours ago
DaveDave
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
asked 8 hours ago
DaveDave
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
75.3k4 gold badges150 silver badges271 bronze badges
$begingroup$
I'm willing to bet the reason is similar to why matches are allowed in carry-on baggage but you also need to strip and/or be groped at the security checkpoint. Security theatre.
$endgroup$
– AEhere
8 hours ago
3
$begingroup$
I'm guessing it has to do with someone keen on grooming that used a razor in bumpy IMC because electric shavers we not permitted.
$endgroup$
– ymb1
8 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I'm willing to bet the reason is similar to why matches are allowed in carry-on baggage but you also need to strip and/or be groped at the security checkpoint. Security theatre.
$endgroup$
– AEhere
8 hours ago
3
$begingroup$
I'm guessing it has to do with someone keen on grooming that used a razor in bumpy IMC because electric shavers we not permitted.
$endgroup$
– ymb1
8 hours ago
$begingroup$
I'm willing to bet the reason is similar to why matches are allowed in carry-on baggage but you also need to strip and/or be groped at the security checkpoint. Security theatre.
$endgroup$
– AEhere
8 hours ago
$begingroup$
I'm willing to bet the reason is similar to why matches are allowed in carry-on baggage but you also need to strip and/or be groped at the security checkpoint. Security theatre.
$endgroup$
– AEhere
8 hours ago
3
3
$begingroup$
I'm guessing it has to do with someone keen on grooming that used a razor in bumpy IMC because electric shavers we not permitted.
$endgroup$
– ymb1
8 hours ago
$begingroup$
I'm guessing it has to do with someone keen on grooming that used a razor in bumpy IMC because electric shavers we not permitted.
$endgroup$
– ymb1
8 hours ago
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
This is an educated guess, based on history:
Electric razors were once well known as prone to generating elctromagnetic interference -- the ones available in the 1940s could pretty well blanket a nearby AM broadcast radio receiver.
However, in similar time frames, it was very important for oxygen masks to fit closely on the face, and beard stubble, besides being reportedly very uncomfortable, would compromise the seal (either increasing consumption from the limited store of oxygen available for high altitude flight, or risking hypoxia for the wearer). Therefore, on long flights, it wasn't at all uncommon for aircrew to shave one or more times before getting where they were going.
As noted in comments, shaving with a blade razor (even the safety razors available when this regulation has its roots) was a bit hazardous in an airplane that might, without any warning, encounter turbulence that could literally knock someone out of their seat if not belted in place. Wind-up rotary razors existed before 1950, but they were rare, relatively delicate, and expensive. Electric razors that ran on 115 V were available before 1940 and, with care, would do a good enough job to let an oxygen mask seal well (rechargeable types didn't appear until the late 1950s).
The regulation, then, is to recognize that even with the potential radio interference, an electric razor was specifically to be permitted during flight.
answered 7 hours ago
Zeiss IkonZeiss Ikon
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
The must have expected long haul flights getting really long soon.
$endgroup$
– Peter
4 hours ago
2
$begingroup$
The early commercial regs came out of military practice. B17 flights England-Germany-England ran long enough that a shave in flight wasn't a bad idea. Pressurization made this less important after the War, but once something is in the regs, it has to be shown to cause trouble to get it out.
$endgroup$
– Zeiss Ikon
4 hours ago
1
$begingroup$
@Peter soon into the 1940s, like the Qantas "Double Sunrise" flight from Australia to India that took (as advertised) over 24 hours...
$endgroup$
– Harper
4 hours ago
add a comment |
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1 Answer
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1 Answer
1
active
oldest
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active
oldest
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active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
This is an educated guess, based on history:
Electric razors were once well known as prone to generating elctromagnetic interference -- the ones available in the 1940s could pretty well blanket a nearby AM broadcast radio receiver.
However, in similar time frames, it was very important for oxygen masks to fit closely on the face, and beard stubble, besides being reportedly very uncomfortable, would compromise the seal (either increasing consumption from the limited store of oxygen available for high altitude flight, or risking hypoxia for the wearer). Therefore, on long flights, it wasn't at all uncommon for aircrew to shave one or more times before getting where they were going.
As noted in comments, shaving with a blade razor (even the safety razors available when this regulation has its roots) was a bit hazardous in an airplane that might, without any warning, encounter turbulence that could literally knock someone out of their seat if not belted in place. Wind-up rotary razors existed before 1950, but they were rare, relatively delicate, and expensive. Electric razors that ran on 115 V were available before 1940 and, with care, would do a good enough job to let an oxygen mask seal well (rechargeable types didn't appear until the late 1950s).
The regulation, then, is to recognize that even with the potential radio interference, an electric razor was specifically to be permitted during flight.
answered 7 hours ago
Zeiss IkonZeiss Ikon
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
The must have expected long haul flights getting really long soon.
$endgroup$
– Peter
4 hours ago
2
$begingroup$
The early commercial regs came out of military practice. B17 flights England-Germany-England ran long enough that a shave in flight wasn't a bad idea. Pressurization made this less important after the War, but once something is in the regs, it has to be shown to cause trouble to get it out.
$endgroup$
– Zeiss Ikon
4 hours ago
1
$begingroup$
@Peter soon into the 1940s, like the Qantas "Double Sunrise" flight from Australia to India that took (as advertised) over 24 hours...
$endgroup$
– Harper
4 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
This is an educated guess, based on history:
Electric razors were once well known as prone to generating elctromagnetic interference -- the ones available in the 1940s could pretty well blanket a nearby AM broadcast radio receiver.
However, in similar time frames, it was very important for oxygen masks to fit closely on the face, and beard stubble, besides being reportedly very uncomfortable, would compromise the seal (either increasing consumption from the limited store of oxygen available for high altitude flight, or risking hypoxia for the wearer). Therefore, on long flights, it wasn't at all uncommon for aircrew to shave one or more times before getting where they were going.
As noted in comments, shaving with a blade razor (even the safety razors available when this regulation has its roots) was a bit hazardous in an airplane that might, without any warning, encounter turbulence that could literally knock someone out of their seat if not belted in place. Wind-up rotary razors existed before 1950, but they were rare, relatively delicate, and expensive. Electric razors that ran on 115 V were available before 1940 and, with care, would do a good enough job to let an oxygen mask seal well (rechargeable types didn't appear until the late 1950s).
The regulation, then, is to recognize that even with the potential radio interference, an electric razor was specifically to be permitted during flight.
answered 7 hours ago
Zeiss IkonZeiss Ikon
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
The must have expected long haul flights getting really long soon.
$endgroup$
– Peter
4 hours ago
2
$begingroup$
The early commercial regs came out of military practice. B17 flights England-Germany-England ran long enough that a shave in flight wasn't a bad idea. Pressurization made this less important after the War, but once something is in the regs, it has to be shown to cause trouble to get it out.
$endgroup$
– Zeiss Ikon
4 hours ago
1
$begingroup$
@Peter soon into the 1940s, like the Qantas "Double Sunrise" flight from Australia to India that took (as advertised) over 24 hours...
$endgroup$
– Harper
4 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
This is an educated guess, based on history:
Electric razors were once well known as prone to generating elctromagnetic interference -- the ones available in the 1940s could pretty well blanket a nearby AM broadcast radio receiver.
However, in similar time frames, it was very important for oxygen masks to fit closely on the face, and beard stubble, besides being reportedly very uncomfortable, would compromise the seal (either increasing consumption from the limited store of oxygen available for high altitude flight, or risking hypoxia for the wearer). Therefore, on long flights, it wasn't at all uncommon for aircrew to shave one or more times before getting where they were going.
As noted in comments, shaving with a blade razor (even the safety razors available when this regulation has its roots) was a bit hazardous in an airplane that might, without any warning, encounter turbulence that could literally knock someone out of their seat if not belted in place. Wind-up rotary razors existed before 1950, but they were rare, relatively delicate, and expensive. Electric razors that ran on 115 V were available before 1940 and, with care, would do a good enough job to let an oxygen mask seal well (rechargeable types didn't appear until the late 1950s).
The regulation, then, is to recognize that even with the potential radio interference, an electric razor was specifically to be permitted during flight.
answered 7 hours ago
Zeiss IkonZeiss Ikon
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
$endgroup$
This is an educated guess, based on history:
Electric razors were once well known as prone to generating elctromagnetic interference -- the ones available in the 1940s could pretty well blanket a nearby AM broadcast radio receiver.
However, in similar time frames, it was very important for oxygen masks to fit closely on the face, and beard stubble, besides being reportedly very uncomfortable, would compromise the seal (either increasing consumption from the limited store of oxygen available for high altitude flight, or risking hypoxia for the wearer). Therefore, on long flights, it wasn't at all uncommon for aircrew to shave one or more times before getting where they were going.
As noted in comments, shaving with a blade razor (even the safety razors available when this regulation has its roots) was a bit hazardous in an airplane that might, without any warning, encounter turbulence that could literally knock someone out of their seat if not belted in place. Wind-up rotary razors existed before 1950, but they were rare, relatively delicate, and expensive. Electric razors that ran on 115 V were available before 1940 and, with care, would do a good enough job to let an oxygen mask seal well (rechargeable types didn't appear until the late 1950s).
The regulation, then, is to recognize that even with the potential radio interference, an electric razor was specifically to be permitted during flight.
answered 7 hours ago
Zeiss IkonZeiss Ikon
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
edited 4 hours ago
answered 7 hours ago
Zeiss IkonZeiss Ikon
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
answered 7 hours ago
Zeiss IkonZeiss Ikon
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
answered 7 hours ago
Zeiss IkonZeiss Ikon
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
4,4777 silver badges21 bronze badges
$begingroup$
The must have expected long haul flights getting really long soon.
$endgroup$
– Peter
4 hours ago
2
$begingroup$
The early commercial regs came out of military practice. B17 flights England-Germany-England ran long enough that a shave in flight wasn't a bad idea. Pressurization made this less important after the War, but once something is in the regs, it has to be shown to cause trouble to get it out.
$endgroup$
– Zeiss Ikon
4 hours ago
1
$begingroup$
@Peter soon into the 1940s, like the Qantas "Double Sunrise" flight from Australia to India that took (as advertised) over 24 hours...
$endgroup$
– Harper
4 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
The must have expected long haul flights getting really long soon.
$endgroup$
– Peter
4 hours ago
2
$begingroup$
The early commercial regs came out of military practice. B17 flights England-Germany-England ran long enough that a shave in flight wasn't a bad idea. Pressurization made this less important after the War, but once something is in the regs, it has to be shown to cause trouble to get it out.
$endgroup$
– Zeiss Ikon
4 hours ago
1
$begingroup$
@Peter soon into the 1940s, like the Qantas "Double Sunrise" flight from Australia to India that took (as advertised) over 24 hours...
$endgroup$
– Harper
4 hours ago
$begingroup$
The must have expected long haul flights getting really long soon.
$endgroup$
– Peter
4 hours ago
$begingroup$
The must have expected long haul flights getting really long soon.
$endgroup$
– Peter
4 hours ago
2
2
$begingroup$
The early commercial regs came out of military practice. B17 flights England-Germany-England ran long enough that a shave in flight wasn't a bad idea. Pressurization made this less important after the War, but once something is in the regs, it has to be shown to cause trouble to get it out.
$endgroup$
– Zeiss Ikon
4 hours ago
$begingroup$
The early commercial regs came out of military practice. B17 flights England-Germany-England ran long enough that a shave in flight wasn't a bad idea. Pressurization made this less important after the War, but once something is in the regs, it has to be shown to cause trouble to get it out.
$endgroup$
– Zeiss Ikon
4 hours ago
1
1
$begingroup$
@Peter soon into the 1940s, like the Qantas "Double Sunrise" flight from Australia to India that took (as advertised) over 24 hours...
$endgroup$
– Harper
4 hours ago
$begingroup$
@Peter soon into the 1940s, like the Qantas "Double Sunrise" flight from Australia to India that took (as advertised) over 24 hours...
$endgroup$
– Harper
4 hours ago
add a comment |
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$begingroup$
I'm willing to bet the reason is similar to why matches are allowed in carry-on baggage but you also need to strip and/or be groped at the security checkpoint. Security theatre.
$endgroup$
– AEhere
8 hours ago
3
$begingroup$
I'm guessing it has to do with someone keen on grooming that used a razor in bumpy IMC because electric shavers we not permitted.
$endgroup$
– ymb1
8 hours ago