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How does the Moon's gravity affect Earth's oceans despite Earth's stronger gravitational pull?

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Given that Earth has a much stronger gravitational pull than the Moon, how does the Moon have any influence on Earth's oceans?

the-moon gravity tides

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Nat

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• 
  
  
  

  
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  Please search the site first before asking a question
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  – Jan Doggen
  15 hours ago
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
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  Field strengths combine -- it's not binary "win or lose."
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  – Carl Witthoft
  13 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
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  To the downvoters: Just because a question appears to be naive does not mean that the question is bad and is worthy of a downvote.
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• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
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  @Jan Doggen. Yes I should have done that. Sorry. With hindsight gained from the link you provided I still would have asked the question.
  $endgroup$
  – Steve
  6 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

3

$begingroup$

Given that Earth has a much stronger gravitational pull than the Moon, how does the Moon have any influence on Earth's oceans?

the-moon gravity tides

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

Nat

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asked 16 hours ago

SteveSteve

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New contributor

Steve is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Please search the site first before asking a question
  $endgroup$
  – Jan Doggen
  15 hours ago
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Field strengths combine -- it's not binary "win or lose."
  $endgroup$
  – Carl Witthoft
  13 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  To the downvoters: Just because a question appears to be naive does not mean that the question is bad and is worthy of a downvote.
  $endgroup$
  – David Hammen
  12 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  @Jan Doggen. Yes I should have done that. Sorry. With hindsight gained from the link you provided I still would have asked the question.
  $endgroup$
  – Steve
  6 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

$begingroup$

Given that Earth has a much stronger gravitational pull than the Moon, how does the Moon have any influence on Earth's oceans?

the-moon gravity tides

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

Nat

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asked 16 hours ago

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share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

Nat

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edited 1 hour ago

Nat

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edited 1 hour ago

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2 Answers
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Everything in the universe has a gravitational influence on everything else in the universe. It isn't a question of the strongest gravitational pull winning out and all the others doing nothing.

The Earth is the strongest pull on the oceans, but the Moon and the Sun both have easily measurable effect in addition to the Earth's. Other bodies (Venus, Jupiter, a small asteroid in another galaxy,....) all have much smaller effects which will be hard or impossible to detect amidst the noise due to waves and so on.

share|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

Steve LintonSteve Linton

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The following diagram from the wikipedia article on the tidal force shows the tidal force that results from a moon.

Note that the tidal force is directed away from the center of the planet when the moon (satellite) is directly overhead or underfoot but is directed toward the center of the planet when the moon is on the horizon. You are right that these very small influences. The tiny changes in the vertical component of the tidal force from the Moon on the Earth have very little effect on the oceans.

What does matter are those places where the angle between the line segment from the center of the planet to the moon and the line segment from the center of the planet to a point on the surface is approximately 45° or 135°. The tidal force is purely horizontal in those places. Minuscule as that tidal forcing is, this horizontal component of the tidal forcing function is unopposed by gravitation the Earth itself. This horizontal forcing makes the waters "want" to flow sideways.

The direction of this flow changes constantly due to the Earth's rotation. The Coriolis effect comes into play precisely because the Earth is rotating. The shapes of the oceanic basins and continental margins also come into play. The end result is a set of amphidromic systems, each of which involves large scale oceanic waves that rotate about amphidromic points.

share|improve this answer

answered 12 hours ago

David HammenDavid Hammen

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3

$begingroup$

Everything in the universe has a gravitational influence on everything else in the universe. It isn't a question of the strongest gravitational pull winning out and all the others doing nothing.

The Earth is the strongest pull on the oceans, but the Moon and the Sun both have easily measurable effect in addition to the Earth's. Other bodies (Venus, Jupiter, a small asteroid in another galaxy,....) all have much smaller effects which will be hard or impossible to detect amidst the noise due to waves and so on.

share|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

Steve LintonSteve Linton

5,14411 gold badge88 silver badges3131 bronze badges

$endgroup$

add a comment | 

3

$begingroup$

Everything in the universe has a gravitational influence on everything else in the universe. It isn't a question of the strongest gravitational pull winning out and all the others doing nothing.

The Earth is the strongest pull on the oceans, but the Moon and the Sun both have easily measurable effect in addition to the Earth's. Other bodies (Venus, Jupiter, a small asteroid in another galaxy,....) all have much smaller effects which will be hard or impossible to detect amidst the noise due to waves and so on.

share|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

Steve LintonSteve Linton

5,14411 gold badge88 silver badges3131 bronze badges

$endgroup$

add a comment | 

$begingroup$

Everything in the universe has a gravitational influence on everything else in the universe. It isn't a question of the strongest gravitational pull winning out and all the others doing nothing.

The Earth is the strongest pull on the oceans, but the Moon and the Sun both have easily measurable effect in addition to the Earth's. Other bodies (Venus, Jupiter, a small asteroid in another galaxy,....) all have much smaller effects which will be hard or impossible to detect amidst the noise due to waves and so on.

share|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

Steve LintonSteve Linton

5,14411 gold badge88 silver badges3131 bronze badges

$endgroup$

share|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

Steve LintonSteve Linton

5,14411 gold badge88 silver badges3131 bronze badges

answered 15 hours ago

Steve LintonSteve Linton

5,14411 gold badge88 silver badges3131 bronze badges

answered 15 hours ago

Steve LintonSteve Linton

5,14411 gold badge88 silver badges3131 bronze badges

8

$begingroup$

The following diagram from the wikipedia article on the tidal force shows the tidal force that results from a moon.

Note that the tidal force is directed away from the center of the planet when the moon (satellite) is directly overhead or underfoot but is directed toward the center of the planet when the moon is on the horizon. You are right that these very small influences. The tiny changes in the vertical component of the tidal force from the Moon on the Earth have very little effect on the oceans.

What does matter are those places where the angle between the line segment from the center of the planet to the moon and the line segment from the center of the planet to a point on the surface is approximately 45° or 135°. The tidal force is purely horizontal in those places. Minuscule as that tidal forcing is, this horizontal component of the tidal forcing function is unopposed by gravitation the Earth itself. This horizontal forcing makes the waters "want" to flow sideways.

The direction of this flow changes constantly due to the Earth's rotation. The Coriolis effect comes into play precisely because the Earth is rotating. The shapes of the oceanic basins and continental margins also come into play. The end result is a set of amphidromic systems, each of which involves large scale oceanic waves that rotate about amphidromic points.

share|improve this answer

answered 12 hours ago

David HammenDavid Hammen

12k11 gold badge1919 silver badges5151 bronze badges

$endgroup$

add a comment | 

8

$begingroup$

The following diagram from the wikipedia article on the tidal force shows the tidal force that results from a moon.

Note that the tidal force is directed away from the center of the planet when the moon (satellite) is directly overhead or underfoot but is directed toward the center of the planet when the moon is on the horizon. You are right that these very small influences. The tiny changes in the vertical component of the tidal force from the Moon on the Earth have very little effect on the oceans.

What does matter are those places where the angle between the line segment from the center of the planet to the moon and the line segment from the center of the planet to a point on the surface is approximately 45° or 135°. The tidal force is purely horizontal in those places. Minuscule as that tidal forcing is, this horizontal component of the tidal forcing function is unopposed by gravitation the Earth itself. This horizontal forcing makes the waters "want" to flow sideways.

The direction of this flow changes constantly due to the Earth's rotation. The Coriolis effect comes into play precisely because the Earth is rotating. The shapes of the oceanic basins and continental margins also come into play. The end result is a set of amphidromic systems, each of which involves large scale oceanic waves that rotate about amphidromic points.

share|improve this answer

answered 12 hours ago

David HammenDavid Hammen

12k11 gold badge1919 silver badges5151 bronze badges

$endgroup$

add a comment | 

$begingroup$

The following diagram from the wikipedia article on the tidal force shows the tidal force that results from a moon.

Note that the tidal force is directed away from the center of the planet when the moon (satellite) is directly overhead or underfoot but is directed toward the center of the planet when the moon is on the horizon. You are right that these very small influences. The tiny changes in the vertical component of the tidal force from the Moon on the Earth have very little effect on the oceans.

What does matter are those places where the angle between the line segment from the center of the planet to the moon and the line segment from the center of the planet to a point on the surface is approximately 45° or 135°. The tidal force is purely horizontal in those places. Minuscule as that tidal forcing is, this horizontal component of the tidal forcing function is unopposed by gravitation the Earth itself. This horizontal forcing makes the waters "want" to flow sideways.

The direction of this flow changes constantly due to the Earth's rotation. The Coriolis effect comes into play precisely because the Earth is rotating. The shapes of the oceanic basins and continental margins also come into play. The end result is a set of amphidromic systems, each of which involves large scale oceanic waves that rotate about amphidromic points.

share|improve this answer

answered 12 hours ago

David HammenDavid Hammen

12k11 gold badge1919 silver badges5151 bronze badges

$endgroup$

share|improve this answer

answered 12 hours ago

David HammenDavid Hammen

12k11 gold badge1919 silver badges5151 bronze badges

answered 12 hours ago

David HammenDavid Hammen

12k11 gold badge1919 silver badges5151 bronze badges

answered 12 hours ago

David HammenDavid Hammen

12k11 gold badge1919 silver badges5151 bronze badges