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KominternSejarah BalkanPan-nasionalismeUsulan negara


Balkansayap kiriSemenanjung Balkaninternasionalismesosialismesolidaritas sosialkesetaraan ekonomiKesultanan Utsmaniyahperiode antar perangPerang Dunia IIJoseph Stalinperpecahan Tito-StalinJoseph Broz Tito










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Federasi Balkan




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Proyek Federasi Balkan Komintern.


Federasi Balkan adalah sebuah proyek yang ingin mendirikan federasi atau konfederasi negara-negara Balkan yang didasarkan pada gagasan politik sayap kiri.[1]


Konsep federasi ini pertama kali muncul pada akhir abad ke-19 di kalangan aktivis politik kiri di wilayah tersebut. Tujuan utamanya adalah mendirikan kesatuan politik yang baru: republik federal bersama yang menyatukan Semenanjung Balkan berdasarkan asas internasionalisme, sosialisme, solidaritas sosial dan kesetaraan ekonomi. Gagasan yang mendasari federasi ini adalah kebutuhan bersama rakyat-rakyat Balkan untuk mencapai emansipasi.


Konsep politik ini melewati tiga tahap dalam pengembangannya. Pada tahap pertama, gagasan ini dikemukakan sebagai tanggapan terhadap jatuhnya Kesultanan Utsmaniyah pada permulaan abad ke-20. Pada tahap kedua yang berlangsung selama periode antar perang (1919–36), gagasan Federasi Balkan diadopsi oleh partai-partai komunis Balkan. Sementara itu, pada tahap ketiga (setelah Perang Dunia II), terjadi perpecahan antara pemimpin-pemimpin komunis Balkan dengan Joseph Stalin karena Stalin menentang gagasan ini. Bahkan diyakini bahwa perpecahan Tito-Stalin dipicu oleh harapan Joseph Broz Tito untuk mewujudkan gagasan ini.[2]



Catatan kaki |




  1. ^ Balkan federation: a history of the movement toward Balkan unity in modern times, Smith College studies in history, Leften Stavros Stavrianos, Archon Books, 1964, hlm. 149.


  2. ^ Jeronim Perovic, "The Tito–Stalin Split: A Reassessment in Light of New Evidence." Journal of Cold War Studies (Spring 2007) 9#2 hlm. 32-63




Bacaan lanjut |


  • E. Kofos (1964) Nationalism and Communism in Macedonia; Thessaloniki, Institute of Balkan Studies



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