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Powerhouse: chiefly US : someone or something that is full of a
particular thing

http://www.learnersdictionary.com/definition/powerhouse

(Merriam Webster Learner's Dictionary)

According to this thread growth-powerhouse -- meaning?

As Adam has indicated in his comment, powerhouse is often used
metaphorically to indicate something which is known to be strong or
powerful in some respect.

Take this example from Merriam Webster Learner's Dictionary

He is a powerhouse of ideas.

I find this sentence still hard to understand. Does it mean he can produce a lot of ideas? Or does it mean he is a source of ideas (he inspires others to have ideas)?

A power-house originally meant a building containg a steam-engine (or possibly a water-wheel) i.e. a building that 'is a source of power', so it is most likely that the author means that the person 'is a source of' ideas rather than a source of inspiration, but there is not that much difference in the two meanings, and either is plausible.

"Powerhouse", like any other metaphor, has a figurative meaning implied by the literal meaning; however, in the case where there are several possible meanings you have to look at how it's most commonly used. Some examples pulled from the internet:

• Damon had appeared in eleven other films before winning his first Oscar, but it was his role as a heroin addict veteran in 1996's Courage Under Fire that won him the respect and admiration of many powerhouse actors.




• Each process does leech some nutrients, but the beet is a veritable nutritional powerhouse to begin with, so a certain degree of deterioration doesn't negate the vegetable's positive properties.




• From his haunting acoustic material as heard on the albums Harvest and Harvest Moon to his garage rock powerhouse band Crazy Horse, Neil Young has been following his own inspired musical compass for the better part of four decades.

From these (and many others) we should assume that "powerhouse" refers to something "full of power", or, depending on the context, significance, usefulness, influence, and other applications of power.

It does not seem to be used to mean something that "produces power", as in a "power plant", so it's unlikely your sentence implies he is a "source of ideas".

Literally, powerhouse is an electrical generating station or plant.

The word is also used figuratively in some senses. Here in the sentence presented, it means a lot of/full of. If someone is a powerhouse of ideas, it means they have a lot of/are full of ideas.