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When there are multiple parties to vote with (let's say A, and B), what is the difference does it make when one nullifies their vote compared with another person that does not go to vote at all?

I heard some people saying there is a difference in the way how they count the votes, but I don't understand it. If I'm not wrong they suggest the following scenario:

If in 100 people with right to vote:

• 50 people go to vote:
  
  
  • 25 vote for A
    
  
  
  • 15 vote for B
    
  
  
  • 10 nullify their votes (e.g. not putting the stamp anywhere etc.)
  
  

Then, does that mean that:

• 
  A gets 50%


• 
  B gets 30%


• and the rest of 20% is... like an empty space - the people that decided to abstain, but still go to vote?

If those 10 people would not go to vote at all, the parties would get 62,5% (25/40) vs 37,5% (15/40).

How is this different, except the obvious difference in percentages?

When talking about vote frauds, is it simpler to register fake votes in the name of the persons that did not go to vote compared with the people that went (and eventually chose to nullify their vote)?

What other differences (from any point of view) are between someone that does not vote at all and someone who nullify their own vote?

In most systems there is no substantial difference.

In the UK system, blank ballots (along with other invalid ballots, such as people who vote twice, or sign the ballot paper) are counted as "spoiled" and when the result is announced the number of votes for each candidate is read out, along with the number of spoiled ballots. The percentage isn't particularly important, it is the candidate with the greatest number of votes who wins.

Even if there are more spoiled ballots than valid ones, it doesn't affect the result. The spoiled ballots are counted, but not counted for or against any candidate.

Political analysists may later calculate the percentage of valid votes, or the percentage of all votes, or the percent of the registered electorate, usually to form a particular narrative.

Scenario 1 (100 registered voters)

A 40
B 35
C 15
Spoiled 10

Candidate A has 40% of the electorate and 40% of all votes, but 44% of valid votes

Scenario 2 (100 registered voters)

A 40
B 35
C 15
Spoiled 0

Candidate A has 40% of the electorate but 44% of all votes, and 44% of valid votes.

The outcome is that candidate A is elected. The end result is exactly the same, and so there is no substantial difference.

In countries where voting is compulsory the first option (nullifying your vote) will probably let you abide by the law, while the second might not. E.g.

Former Australian opposition leader Mark Latham urged Australians to lodge blank votes for the 2010 election. He stated the government should not force citizens to vote or threaten them with a fine. At the 2013 federal election, considering the threat of a non-voting fine of up to $20, there was a turnout of 92%, of whom 6% lodged either informal or blank ballot papers.

If the voting is electronic you probably won't be able to nullify your vote though. Also in some countries with "compulsory" voting you just have to show up, you don't have to actually vote... which again makes the choices equivalent, except that you have to show up to just not vote.

Also even in countries with non-compulsory voting some just write/draw stuff on the ballot as a protest, perhaps also hoping it will get picked up by the press [NSFW!].

I will provide a complementary answer for the more general interpretation of the question in your title:

What is the difference between nullifying your vote and not going to vote at all?

If the voting refers to a referendum it might actually make a difference. E.g. Today Romania also held a referendum (along with the EU Parliamentary elections). By law in order for it to be validated it must have:

• a voter turnout >= 30% registered voters


• 
  valid votes >= 25% registered voters

Let's assume about 71% of the voters are not interested in the referendum:

• if they all come and nullify their votes, the referendum is valid


• if they do not come to vote at all, the referendum is not validated