I am looking to make a plot where:

• Plot is composed of a group of 2D plots, stacked in 3D.


• The height of the line is indicated by the color.


• The mean of the wave of each plot is indicated by a dashed line to
  the axis.

How is this type of graph called?

Simplest / fastest way of doing something similar (less complex than in the image, I don't need 3 of those, and the black and white waveforms to the right etc.).

Scaling law

The name in its original publication from WIRED magazine

The scaling-law definition according to sciencedirect.com

Scaling laws are relations between physical quantities in which all the physical quantities appear in terms of powers, whereby a power of x is expressed in the form xα where α is a real number.

and

The scaling laws for 2D geometry can be extended into three-dimensional (3D) case

About how to make something similar, I think it's a mix of charts made in an application that allows a graphic representation by data dump plus a montage in a vector program to generate the isometric perspective and data/references adding.

In a practical way, I could tell you if I had to make that poster, I would ask all the charts to assemble the design in Illustrator. The original image looks too neat to have been made in a program that is not vector drawing:

%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 400 400
%%Title: Isometric Graph Drawing
%%Creator: Janne Ojala
%%CreationDate: 2019-04-17
%%EndComments

/up dup translate def
/down neg up def
/isometric-bottom [30 cos 30 sin 150 cos 150 sin 0 0] concat def

/isometric-back [30 cos 30 sin 90 cos 90 sin 0 0] concat def
/c newpath 1 0 360 arc closepath fill def


/Arial findfont 24 scalefont setfont

100 160 translate
gsave 
isometric-back
 0 0 moveto 
 /FuturaStd-Medium findfont 18 scalefont setfont
 (IsoGraph) show
grestore

gsave 
0 1 12 
 pop
 150 cos -10 mul 150 sin -10 mul translate
 gsave 
 isometric-bottom 
 0 10 200 0 c for
 grestore
 for
grestore

150 cos -20 mul 150 sin -20 mul translate

gsave 
isometric-back
 newpath
 50 0 moveto
 55 0 55 33 60 33 curveto
 65 33 65 12 70 12 curveto
 75 12 75 0 80 0 curveto
 85 0 85 16 90 16 curveto
 95 16 95 0 100 0 curveto
 gsave
 closepath
 stroke
 grestore
 fill
grestore

150 cos -10 mul 150 sin -10 mul translate
gsave 
isometric-back
 newpath
 80 0 moveto
 85 0 85 3 90 3 curveto
 95 3 95 4 100 4 curveto
 105 4 105 8 110 8 curveto
 115 8 115 3 120 3 curveto
 125 3 125 0 130 0 curveto
 gsave
 closepath
 stroke
 grestore
 fill
grestore
%%EOF