Examples of solving for unknowns using equivalence relations that are not equality, inequality, or boolean truth?What are some good simple examples that getting the right result is not enough?What are some fun/nonstandard examples of arithmetic/geometric series?What are easy examples from daily life of constrained optimization?What are some good low-prerequisite examples for the heuristic advice “If you cannot prove it, prove something stronger.”?Examples for reasoning by analogy going wrongWhat are some good or neat examples of computing a function's Taylor series?Examples where roots are necessary for the solutionSimple examples that violate group axiomsExamples (for beginners) of real functions which are not given by elementary formulaeUsing discrete examples in the beginning of integration

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Examples of solving for unknowns using equivalence relations that are not equality, inequality, or boolean truth?


What are some good simple examples that getting the right result is not enough?What are some fun/nonstandard examples of arithmetic/geometric series?What are easy examples from daily life of constrained optimization?What are some good low-prerequisite examples for the heuristic advice “If you cannot prove it, prove something stronger.”?Examples for reasoning by analogy going wrongWhat are some good or neat examples of computing a function's Taylor series?Examples where roots are necessary for the solutionSimple examples that violate group axiomsExamples (for beginners) of real functions which are not given by elementary formulaeUsing discrete examples in the beginning of integration






.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty margin-bottom:0;








4












$begingroup$


In a book i'm writing, i want to introduce students to equations in slightly more general terms. Solving an equation with some unknown is just
one example of finding an object by fact that it is a part of
a certain equivalence class - specifically a class in the "equals"-relation. Same goes for inequalities too. In both scenarios we use various operations on both sides, make sure that none of these operations change the equivilance class of any member, and then isolate some desired expression. This is really intuitive and natural to work with for equality, but i think it could be a great exercise for the mind and maturity to try something very different. Does there exist any other nice similair problems and techniques for different relations? Maybe something using congruence or similarity of figures? We can obviously work with set equalities too, though that may be a little very abstract.



For information, my readers has not yet at this point in the book learned calculus. It's at just the point before. The target audience is math-interested high-schoolers.










share|improve this question









New contributor



Buster Bie is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






$endgroup$







  • 5




    $begingroup$
    An equation is a statement of equality. Using it to mean something else is only going to lead to confusion.
    $endgroup$
    – Peter Taylor
    14 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    An equation is a statement of equality in terms of an equivalence relation. So, a general question could be: given two objects, do they belong to the same equivalence class?
    $endgroup$
    – SCS
    13 hours ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Even after your edit, I still don't understand exactly what you're talking about. You write that solving inequalities involves "mak[ing] sure that none of these operations change the equivalance class of any member," but what is the equivalence relation you're talking about when you say this? The phrase "equivalence class" is completely meaningless outside of the context of an equivalence relation. (The title doesn't make sense either, since it says "equivalence relations that are not equality, inequality or boolean truth," but inequality and boolean truth are not equivalence relations.)
    $endgroup$
    – Tanner Swett
    4 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    In general terms, what you are asking is about different types of relations between entities, of which equations are a subgroup. Inequalities are not equations, and most of the suggestions below are not equations. Please correct your post accordingly?
    $endgroup$
    – Namaste
    4 hours ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Also, I can't think of how solving an equation can be construed as "finding an object by fact that it is a part of a certain equivalence class". If I solve the equation $x^2 = 4$, I'm finding some objects by the fact that they're elements of a certain set, but that set is not an equivalence class.
    $endgroup$
    – Tanner Swett
    4 hours ago

















4












$begingroup$


In a book i'm writing, i want to introduce students to equations in slightly more general terms. Solving an equation with some unknown is just
one example of finding an object by fact that it is a part of
a certain equivalence class - specifically a class in the "equals"-relation. Same goes for inequalities too. In both scenarios we use various operations on both sides, make sure that none of these operations change the equivilance class of any member, and then isolate some desired expression. This is really intuitive and natural to work with for equality, but i think it could be a great exercise for the mind and maturity to try something very different. Does there exist any other nice similair problems and techniques for different relations? Maybe something using congruence or similarity of figures? We can obviously work with set equalities too, though that may be a little very abstract.



For information, my readers has not yet at this point in the book learned calculus. It's at just the point before. The target audience is math-interested high-schoolers.










share|improve this question









New contributor



Buster Bie is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






$endgroup$







  • 5




    $begingroup$
    An equation is a statement of equality. Using it to mean something else is only going to lead to confusion.
    $endgroup$
    – Peter Taylor
    14 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    An equation is a statement of equality in terms of an equivalence relation. So, a general question could be: given two objects, do they belong to the same equivalence class?
    $endgroup$
    – SCS
    13 hours ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Even after your edit, I still don't understand exactly what you're talking about. You write that solving inequalities involves "mak[ing] sure that none of these operations change the equivalance class of any member," but what is the equivalence relation you're talking about when you say this? The phrase "equivalence class" is completely meaningless outside of the context of an equivalence relation. (The title doesn't make sense either, since it says "equivalence relations that are not equality, inequality or boolean truth," but inequality and boolean truth are not equivalence relations.)
    $endgroup$
    – Tanner Swett
    4 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    In general terms, what you are asking is about different types of relations between entities, of which equations are a subgroup. Inequalities are not equations, and most of the suggestions below are not equations. Please correct your post accordingly?
    $endgroup$
    – Namaste
    4 hours ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Also, I can't think of how solving an equation can be construed as "finding an object by fact that it is a part of a certain equivalence class". If I solve the equation $x^2 = 4$, I'm finding some objects by the fact that they're elements of a certain set, but that set is not an equivalence class.
    $endgroup$
    – Tanner Swett
    4 hours ago













4












4








4


1



$begingroup$


In a book i'm writing, i want to introduce students to equations in slightly more general terms. Solving an equation with some unknown is just
one example of finding an object by fact that it is a part of
a certain equivalence class - specifically a class in the "equals"-relation. Same goes for inequalities too. In both scenarios we use various operations on both sides, make sure that none of these operations change the equivilance class of any member, and then isolate some desired expression. This is really intuitive and natural to work with for equality, but i think it could be a great exercise for the mind and maturity to try something very different. Does there exist any other nice similair problems and techniques for different relations? Maybe something using congruence or similarity of figures? We can obviously work with set equalities too, though that may be a little very abstract.



For information, my readers has not yet at this point in the book learned calculus. It's at just the point before. The target audience is math-interested high-schoolers.










share|improve this question









New contributor



Buster Bie is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






$endgroup$




In a book i'm writing, i want to introduce students to equations in slightly more general terms. Solving an equation with some unknown is just
one example of finding an object by fact that it is a part of
a certain equivalence class - specifically a class in the "equals"-relation. Same goes for inequalities too. In both scenarios we use various operations on both sides, make sure that none of these operations change the equivilance class of any member, and then isolate some desired expression. This is really intuitive and natural to work with for equality, but i think it could be a great exercise for the mind and maturity to try something very different. Does there exist any other nice similair problems and techniques for different relations? Maybe something using congruence or similarity of figures? We can obviously work with set equalities too, though that may be a little very abstract.



For information, my readers has not yet at this point in the book learned calculus. It's at just the point before. The target audience is math-interested high-schoolers.







examples






share|improve this question









New contributor



Buster Bie is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.










share|improve this question









New contributor



Buster Bie is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.








share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited 12 hours ago







Buster Bie













New contributor



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asked 16 hours ago









Buster BieBuster Bie

263 bronze badges




263 bronze badges




New contributor



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New contributor




Buster Bie is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









  • 5




    $begingroup$
    An equation is a statement of equality. Using it to mean something else is only going to lead to confusion.
    $endgroup$
    – Peter Taylor
    14 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    An equation is a statement of equality in terms of an equivalence relation. So, a general question could be: given two objects, do they belong to the same equivalence class?
    $endgroup$
    – SCS
    13 hours ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Even after your edit, I still don't understand exactly what you're talking about. You write that solving inequalities involves "mak[ing] sure that none of these operations change the equivalance class of any member," but what is the equivalence relation you're talking about when you say this? The phrase "equivalence class" is completely meaningless outside of the context of an equivalence relation. (The title doesn't make sense either, since it says "equivalence relations that are not equality, inequality or boolean truth," but inequality and boolean truth are not equivalence relations.)
    $endgroup$
    – Tanner Swett
    4 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    In general terms, what you are asking is about different types of relations between entities, of which equations are a subgroup. Inequalities are not equations, and most of the suggestions below are not equations. Please correct your post accordingly?
    $endgroup$
    – Namaste
    4 hours ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Also, I can't think of how solving an equation can be construed as "finding an object by fact that it is a part of a certain equivalence class". If I solve the equation $x^2 = 4$, I'm finding some objects by the fact that they're elements of a certain set, but that set is not an equivalence class.
    $endgroup$
    – Tanner Swett
    4 hours ago












  • 5




    $begingroup$
    An equation is a statement of equality. Using it to mean something else is only going to lead to confusion.
    $endgroup$
    – Peter Taylor
    14 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    An equation is a statement of equality in terms of an equivalence relation. So, a general question could be: given two objects, do they belong to the same equivalence class?
    $endgroup$
    – SCS
    13 hours ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Even after your edit, I still don't understand exactly what you're talking about. You write that solving inequalities involves "mak[ing] sure that none of these operations change the equivalance class of any member," but what is the equivalence relation you're talking about when you say this? The phrase "equivalence class" is completely meaningless outside of the context of an equivalence relation. (The title doesn't make sense either, since it says "equivalence relations that are not equality, inequality or boolean truth," but inequality and boolean truth are not equivalence relations.)
    $endgroup$
    – Tanner Swett
    4 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    In general terms, what you are asking is about different types of relations between entities, of which equations are a subgroup. Inequalities are not equations, and most of the suggestions below are not equations. Please correct your post accordingly?
    $endgroup$
    – Namaste
    4 hours ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Also, I can't think of how solving an equation can be construed as "finding an object by fact that it is a part of a certain equivalence class". If I solve the equation $x^2 = 4$, I'm finding some objects by the fact that they're elements of a certain set, but that set is not an equivalence class.
    $endgroup$
    – Tanner Swett
    4 hours ago







5




5




$begingroup$
An equation is a statement of equality. Using it to mean something else is only going to lead to confusion.
$endgroup$
– Peter Taylor
14 hours ago




$begingroup$
An equation is a statement of equality. Using it to mean something else is only going to lead to confusion.
$endgroup$
– Peter Taylor
14 hours ago




1




1




$begingroup$
An equation is a statement of equality in terms of an equivalence relation. So, a general question could be: given two objects, do they belong to the same equivalence class?
$endgroup$
– SCS
13 hours ago




$begingroup$
An equation is a statement of equality in terms of an equivalence relation. So, a general question could be: given two objects, do they belong to the same equivalence class?
$endgroup$
– SCS
13 hours ago




2




2




$begingroup$
Even after your edit, I still don't understand exactly what you're talking about. You write that solving inequalities involves "mak[ing] sure that none of these operations change the equivalance class of any member," but what is the equivalence relation you're talking about when you say this? The phrase "equivalence class" is completely meaningless outside of the context of an equivalence relation. (The title doesn't make sense either, since it says "equivalence relations that are not equality, inequality or boolean truth," but inequality and boolean truth are not equivalence relations.)
$endgroup$
– Tanner Swett
4 hours ago




$begingroup$
Even after your edit, I still don't understand exactly what you're talking about. You write that solving inequalities involves "mak[ing] sure that none of these operations change the equivalance class of any member," but what is the equivalence relation you're talking about when you say this? The phrase "equivalence class" is completely meaningless outside of the context of an equivalence relation. (The title doesn't make sense either, since it says "equivalence relations that are not equality, inequality or boolean truth," but inequality and boolean truth are not equivalence relations.)
$endgroup$
– Tanner Swett
4 hours ago




1




1




$begingroup$
In general terms, what you are asking is about different types of relations between entities, of which equations are a subgroup. Inequalities are not equations, and most of the suggestions below are not equations. Please correct your post accordingly?
$endgroup$
– Namaste
4 hours ago




$begingroup$
In general terms, what you are asking is about different types of relations between entities, of which equations are a subgroup. Inequalities are not equations, and most of the suggestions below are not equations. Please correct your post accordingly?
$endgroup$
– Namaste
4 hours ago




3




3




$begingroup$
Also, I can't think of how solving an equation can be construed as "finding an object by fact that it is a part of a certain equivalence class". If I solve the equation $x^2 = 4$, I'm finding some objects by the fact that they're elements of a certain set, but that set is not an equivalence class.
$endgroup$
– Tanner Swett
4 hours ago




$begingroup$
Also, I can't think of how solving an equation can be construed as "finding an object by fact that it is a part of a certain equivalence class". If I solve the equation $x^2 = 4$, I'm finding some objects by the fact that they're elements of a certain set, but that set is not an equivalence class.
$endgroup$
– Tanner Swett
4 hours ago










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















2












$begingroup$

Maybe proportions. Granted there's an equality in there but the emphasis is on proportions. You can even generalize the idea to SAT analogies.



Perhaps conversions or dimensional analysis would fit well in the book. Another idea is the piano tuner business case, estimating methods ala Fermi. Note these are not strictly relations. But might fit well into what you are trying to do and would work with the audience.



Maybe also some simple probability stuff with application to gambling and cards and dice and such. Things like 4:1 odds means 20% win chance.



A little bit of finance math nice also. Compound interest. Time value of money to convert between future and present values.






share|improve this answer










New contributor



guest2 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    I am confused. In a gambling game, if I am give 4 to 1 odds, doesn't that mean my chances of winning are 25%? (assume zero to the house)
    $endgroup$
    – JoeTaxpayer
    10 hours ago






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    4:1 odds mean your probability is $frac14+1$, not $frac14$. For example even odds are 1:1, which corresponds to a probability of $frac11+1$. Oh -- I see. The answer originally said 80%. I'll edit to 20%. @JoeTaxpayer
    $endgroup$
    – Chris Cunningham
    9 hours ago











  • $begingroup$
    Ha. Ok, thanks. Now it makes sense. A $4 return on a $1 bet is not “4:1” odds. I think I understood the math but not the way of articulating it correctly. Thanks again.
    $endgroup$
    – JoeTaxpayer
    9 hours ago


















4












$begingroup$

Consider the equivalence class of knot diagrams depicting the unknot.
Given a knot diagram, Reidemeister moves do not change the knot type.
So one can apply these moves to a knot diagram because
"none of these operations change the equivalence class."
If you reach the unknot, then you know your original diagram was
just a different drawing of the unknot.




     
Reidemeister
Fig: Dominic Goulding,
"Knot Theory:
The Yang-Baxter Equation, Quantum Groups and
Computation of the Homfly Polynomial," 2010.





share|improve this answer









$endgroup$




















    1












    $begingroup$

    Also, let's not forget isomorphisms in group theory,



    nor congruence relations in geometry, and, e.g., similarity in geometry. Further, in geometry, relations between lines might include $overlineAB parallel, overlineCD$, or $overlineEF perp overlineGH$ (two lines being parallel, or two lines being perpendicular, respectively



    There are also also congruence equations,$mod n: ;; 3 equiv 10 pmod 7$.






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$












    • $begingroup$
      Isomorphisms are probably going to be too advanced for the intended audience.
      $endgroup$
      – Jessica B
      1 hour ago













    Your Answer








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    3 Answers
    3






    active

    oldest

    votes








    3 Answers
    3






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    2












    $begingroup$

    Maybe proportions. Granted there's an equality in there but the emphasis is on proportions. You can even generalize the idea to SAT analogies.



    Perhaps conversions or dimensional analysis would fit well in the book. Another idea is the piano tuner business case, estimating methods ala Fermi. Note these are not strictly relations. But might fit well into what you are trying to do and would work with the audience.



    Maybe also some simple probability stuff with application to gambling and cards and dice and such. Things like 4:1 odds means 20% win chance.



    A little bit of finance math nice also. Compound interest. Time value of money to convert between future and present values.






    share|improve this answer










    New contributor



    guest2 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.





    $endgroup$












    • $begingroup$
      I am confused. In a gambling game, if I am give 4 to 1 odds, doesn't that mean my chances of winning are 25%? (assume zero to the house)
      $endgroup$
      – JoeTaxpayer
      10 hours ago






    • 2




      $begingroup$
      4:1 odds mean your probability is $frac14+1$, not $frac14$. For example even odds are 1:1, which corresponds to a probability of $frac11+1$. Oh -- I see. The answer originally said 80%. I'll edit to 20%. @JoeTaxpayer
      $endgroup$
      – Chris Cunningham
      9 hours ago











    • $begingroup$
      Ha. Ok, thanks. Now it makes sense. A $4 return on a $1 bet is not “4:1” odds. I think I understood the math but not the way of articulating it correctly. Thanks again.
      $endgroup$
      – JoeTaxpayer
      9 hours ago















    2












    $begingroup$

    Maybe proportions. Granted there's an equality in there but the emphasis is on proportions. You can even generalize the idea to SAT analogies.



    Perhaps conversions or dimensional analysis would fit well in the book. Another idea is the piano tuner business case, estimating methods ala Fermi. Note these are not strictly relations. But might fit well into what you are trying to do and would work with the audience.



    Maybe also some simple probability stuff with application to gambling and cards and dice and such. Things like 4:1 odds means 20% win chance.



    A little bit of finance math nice also. Compound interest. Time value of money to convert between future and present values.






    share|improve this answer










    New contributor



    guest2 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.





    $endgroup$












    • $begingroup$
      I am confused. In a gambling game, if I am give 4 to 1 odds, doesn't that mean my chances of winning are 25%? (assume zero to the house)
      $endgroup$
      – JoeTaxpayer
      10 hours ago






    • 2




      $begingroup$
      4:1 odds mean your probability is $frac14+1$, not $frac14$. For example even odds are 1:1, which corresponds to a probability of $frac11+1$. Oh -- I see. The answer originally said 80%. I'll edit to 20%. @JoeTaxpayer
      $endgroup$
      – Chris Cunningham
      9 hours ago











    • $begingroup$
      Ha. Ok, thanks. Now it makes sense. A $4 return on a $1 bet is not “4:1” odds. I think I understood the math but not the way of articulating it correctly. Thanks again.
      $endgroup$
      – JoeTaxpayer
      9 hours ago













    2












    2








    2





    $begingroup$

    Maybe proportions. Granted there's an equality in there but the emphasis is on proportions. You can even generalize the idea to SAT analogies.



    Perhaps conversions or dimensional analysis would fit well in the book. Another idea is the piano tuner business case, estimating methods ala Fermi. Note these are not strictly relations. But might fit well into what you are trying to do and would work with the audience.



    Maybe also some simple probability stuff with application to gambling and cards and dice and such. Things like 4:1 odds means 20% win chance.



    A little bit of finance math nice also. Compound interest. Time value of money to convert between future and present values.






    share|improve this answer










    New contributor



    guest2 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.





    $endgroup$



    Maybe proportions. Granted there's an equality in there but the emphasis is on proportions. You can even generalize the idea to SAT analogies.



    Perhaps conversions or dimensional analysis would fit well in the book. Another idea is the piano tuner business case, estimating methods ala Fermi. Note these are not strictly relations. But might fit well into what you are trying to do and would work with the audience.



    Maybe also some simple probability stuff with application to gambling and cards and dice and such. Things like 4:1 odds means 20% win chance.



    A little bit of finance math nice also. Compound interest. Time value of money to convert between future and present values.







    share|improve this answer










    New contributor



    guest2 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.








    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited 9 hours ago









    Chris Cunningham

    10.9k5 gold badges42 silver badges103 bronze badges




    10.9k5 gold badges42 silver badges103 bronze badges






    New contributor



    guest2 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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    answered 15 hours ago









    guest2guest2

    362 bronze badges




    362 bronze badges




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    • $begingroup$
      I am confused. In a gambling game, if I am give 4 to 1 odds, doesn't that mean my chances of winning are 25%? (assume zero to the house)
      $endgroup$
      – JoeTaxpayer
      10 hours ago






    • 2




      $begingroup$
      4:1 odds mean your probability is $frac14+1$, not $frac14$. For example even odds are 1:1, which corresponds to a probability of $frac11+1$. Oh -- I see. The answer originally said 80%. I'll edit to 20%. @JoeTaxpayer
      $endgroup$
      – Chris Cunningham
      9 hours ago











    • $begingroup$
      Ha. Ok, thanks. Now it makes sense. A $4 return on a $1 bet is not “4:1” odds. I think I understood the math but not the way of articulating it correctly. Thanks again.
      $endgroup$
      – JoeTaxpayer
      9 hours ago
















    • $begingroup$
      I am confused. In a gambling game, if I am give 4 to 1 odds, doesn't that mean my chances of winning are 25%? (assume zero to the house)
      $endgroup$
      – JoeTaxpayer
      10 hours ago






    • 2




      $begingroup$
      4:1 odds mean your probability is $frac14+1$, not $frac14$. For example even odds are 1:1, which corresponds to a probability of $frac11+1$. Oh -- I see. The answer originally said 80%. I'll edit to 20%. @JoeTaxpayer
      $endgroup$
      – Chris Cunningham
      9 hours ago











    • $begingroup$
      Ha. Ok, thanks. Now it makes sense. A $4 return on a $1 bet is not “4:1” odds. I think I understood the math but not the way of articulating it correctly. Thanks again.
      $endgroup$
      – JoeTaxpayer
      9 hours ago















    $begingroup$
    I am confused. In a gambling game, if I am give 4 to 1 odds, doesn't that mean my chances of winning are 25%? (assume zero to the house)
    $endgroup$
    – JoeTaxpayer
    10 hours ago




    $begingroup$
    I am confused. In a gambling game, if I am give 4 to 1 odds, doesn't that mean my chances of winning are 25%? (assume zero to the house)
    $endgroup$
    – JoeTaxpayer
    10 hours ago




    2




    2




    $begingroup$
    4:1 odds mean your probability is $frac14+1$, not $frac14$. For example even odds are 1:1, which corresponds to a probability of $frac11+1$. Oh -- I see. The answer originally said 80%. I'll edit to 20%. @JoeTaxpayer
    $endgroup$
    – Chris Cunningham
    9 hours ago





    $begingroup$
    4:1 odds mean your probability is $frac14+1$, not $frac14$. For example even odds are 1:1, which corresponds to a probability of $frac11+1$. Oh -- I see. The answer originally said 80%. I'll edit to 20%. @JoeTaxpayer
    $endgroup$
    – Chris Cunningham
    9 hours ago













    $begingroup$
    Ha. Ok, thanks. Now it makes sense. A $4 return on a $1 bet is not “4:1” odds. I think I understood the math but not the way of articulating it correctly. Thanks again.
    $endgroup$
    – JoeTaxpayer
    9 hours ago




    $begingroup$
    Ha. Ok, thanks. Now it makes sense. A $4 return on a $1 bet is not “4:1” odds. I think I understood the math but not the way of articulating it correctly. Thanks again.
    $endgroup$
    – JoeTaxpayer
    9 hours ago













    4












    $begingroup$

    Consider the equivalence class of knot diagrams depicting the unknot.
    Given a knot diagram, Reidemeister moves do not change the knot type.
    So one can apply these moves to a knot diagram because
    "none of these operations change the equivalence class."
    If you reach the unknot, then you know your original diagram was
    just a different drawing of the unknot.




         
    Reidemeister
    Fig: Dominic Goulding,
    "Knot Theory:
    The Yang-Baxter Equation, Quantum Groups and
    Computation of the Homfly Polynomial," 2010.





    share|improve this answer









    $endgroup$

















      4












      $begingroup$

      Consider the equivalence class of knot diagrams depicting the unknot.
      Given a knot diagram, Reidemeister moves do not change the knot type.
      So one can apply these moves to a knot diagram because
      "none of these operations change the equivalence class."
      If you reach the unknot, then you know your original diagram was
      just a different drawing of the unknot.




           
      Reidemeister
      Fig: Dominic Goulding,
      "Knot Theory:
      The Yang-Baxter Equation, Quantum Groups and
      Computation of the Homfly Polynomial," 2010.





      share|improve this answer









      $endgroup$















        4












        4








        4





        $begingroup$

        Consider the equivalence class of knot diagrams depicting the unknot.
        Given a knot diagram, Reidemeister moves do not change the knot type.
        So one can apply these moves to a knot diagram because
        "none of these operations change the equivalence class."
        If you reach the unknot, then you know your original diagram was
        just a different drawing of the unknot.




             
        Reidemeister
        Fig: Dominic Goulding,
        "Knot Theory:
        The Yang-Baxter Equation, Quantum Groups and
        Computation of the Homfly Polynomial," 2010.





        share|improve this answer









        $endgroup$



        Consider the equivalence class of knot diagrams depicting the unknot.
        Given a knot diagram, Reidemeister moves do not change the knot type.
        So one can apply these moves to a knot diagram because
        "none of these operations change the equivalence class."
        If you reach the unknot, then you know your original diagram was
        just a different drawing of the unknot.




             
        Reidemeister
        Fig: Dominic Goulding,
        "Knot Theory:
        The Yang-Baxter Equation, Quantum Groups and
        Computation of the Homfly Polynomial," 2010.






        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered 9 hours ago









        Joseph O'RourkeJoseph O'Rourke

        16k3 gold badges35 silver badges84 bronze badges




        16k3 gold badges35 silver badges84 bronze badges





















            1












            $begingroup$

            Also, let's not forget isomorphisms in group theory,



            nor congruence relations in geometry, and, e.g., similarity in geometry. Further, in geometry, relations between lines might include $overlineAB parallel, overlineCD$, or $overlineEF perp overlineGH$ (two lines being parallel, or two lines being perpendicular, respectively



            There are also also congruence equations,$mod n: ;; 3 equiv 10 pmod 7$.






            share|improve this answer











            $endgroup$












            • $begingroup$
              Isomorphisms are probably going to be too advanced for the intended audience.
              $endgroup$
              – Jessica B
              1 hour ago















            1












            $begingroup$

            Also, let's not forget isomorphisms in group theory,



            nor congruence relations in geometry, and, e.g., similarity in geometry. Further, in geometry, relations between lines might include $overlineAB parallel, overlineCD$, or $overlineEF perp overlineGH$ (two lines being parallel, or two lines being perpendicular, respectively



            There are also also congruence equations,$mod n: ;; 3 equiv 10 pmod 7$.






            share|improve this answer











            $endgroup$












            • $begingroup$
              Isomorphisms are probably going to be too advanced for the intended audience.
              $endgroup$
              – Jessica B
              1 hour ago













            1












            1








            1





            $begingroup$

            Also, let's not forget isomorphisms in group theory,



            nor congruence relations in geometry, and, e.g., similarity in geometry. Further, in geometry, relations between lines might include $overlineAB parallel, overlineCD$, or $overlineEF perp overlineGH$ (two lines being parallel, or two lines being perpendicular, respectively



            There are also also congruence equations,$mod n: ;; 3 equiv 10 pmod 7$.






            share|improve this answer











            $endgroup$



            Also, let's not forget isomorphisms in group theory,



            nor congruence relations in geometry, and, e.g., similarity in geometry. Further, in geometry, relations between lines might include $overlineAB parallel, overlineCD$, or $overlineEF perp overlineGH$ (two lines being parallel, or two lines being perpendicular, respectively



            There are also also congruence equations,$mod n: ;; 3 equiv 10 pmod 7$.







            share|improve this answer














            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer








            edited 4 hours ago

























            answered 4 hours ago









            NamasteNamaste

            6431 gold badge6 silver badges19 bronze badges




            6431 gold badge6 silver badges19 bronze badges











            • $begingroup$
              Isomorphisms are probably going to be too advanced for the intended audience.
              $endgroup$
              – Jessica B
              1 hour ago
















            • $begingroup$
              Isomorphisms are probably going to be too advanced for the intended audience.
              $endgroup$
              – Jessica B
              1 hour ago















            $begingroup$
            Isomorphisms are probably going to be too advanced for the intended audience.
            $endgroup$
            – Jessica B
            1 hour ago




            $begingroup$
            Isomorphisms are probably going to be too advanced for the intended audience.
            $endgroup$
            – Jessica B
            1 hour ago










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