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How does the OS tell whether an “Address is already in use”?

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2

If my C program uses sockets, binds to localhost:9025, exchanges some data, gets manually killed and restarted, it sometimes crashes with the error being:

Address already in use.

All SE-recommended software that I've tried to look for “pid that uses port” with have failed to return any process id, so I assume there is no process at that time that uses port 9025, which should be the case.

Nonetheless, from what I've gathered from comments on topically similar questions, it seemed to me that "Address" is "already in use" if and only if a process uses that particular address. Why is this false then?

Now I assume the OS keeps track of what addresses are in use and what are not, but is that the case? If it is though, I would love if you could tell me how do I correct it, because my best solution to this problem is “wait for an undetermined amount of time”.

EDIT: I use Linux 5.2.2-arch1-1-ARCH x86_64

linux networking c sockets

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

MarianD

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• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Unless using RAW sockets, the OS handles TCP. Did you look for connections in any state after the program failed to restart?
  
  – Daniel B
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I checked the port with netstat, lsof, ss and fuser.
  
  – Captain Trojan
  6 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

2

If my C program uses sockets, binds to localhost:9025, exchanges some data, gets manually killed and restarted, it sometimes crashes with the error being:

Address already in use.

All SE-recommended software that I've tried to look for “pid that uses port” with have failed to return any process id, so I assume there is no process at that time that uses port 9025, which should be the case.

Nonetheless, from what I've gathered from comments on topically similar questions, it seemed to me that "Address" is "already in use" if and only if a process uses that particular address. Why is this false then?

Now I assume the OS keeps track of what addresses are in use and what are not, but is that the case? If it is though, I would love if you could tell me how do I correct it, because my best solution to this problem is “wait for an undetermined amount of time”.

EDIT: I use Linux 5.2.2-arch1-1-ARCH x86_64

linux networking c sockets

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

MarianD

1,75511 gold badge99 silver badges1919 bronze badges

asked 8 hours ago

Captain TrojanCaptain Trojan

1333 bronze badges

New contributor

Captain Trojan is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Unless using RAW sockets, the OS handles TCP. Did you look for connections in any state after the program failed to restart?
  
  – Daniel B
  8 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I checked the port with netstat, lsof, ss and fuser.
  
  – Captain Trojan
  6 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

If my C program uses sockets, binds to localhost:9025, exchanges some data, gets manually killed and restarted, it sometimes crashes with the error being:

Address already in use.

All SE-recommended software that I've tried to look for “pid that uses port” with have failed to return any process id, so I assume there is no process at that time that uses port 9025, which should be the case.

Nonetheless, from what I've gathered from comments on topically similar questions, it seemed to me that "Address" is "already in use" if and only if a process uses that particular address. Why is this false then?

Now I assume the OS keeps track of what addresses are in use and what are not, but is that the case? If it is though, I would love if you could tell me how do I correct it, because my best solution to this problem is “wait for an undetermined amount of time”.

EDIT: I use Linux 5.2.2-arch1-1-ARCH x86_64

linux networking c sockets

share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

MarianD

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asked 8 hours ago

Captain TrojanCaptain Trojan

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Captain Trojan is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

MarianD

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asked 8 hours ago

Captain TrojanCaptain Trojan

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Captain Trojan is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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share|improve this question

edited 1 hour ago

MarianD

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asked 8 hours ago

Captain TrojanCaptain Trojan

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Captain Trojan is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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edited 1 hour ago

MarianD

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edited 1 hour ago

MarianD

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asked 8 hours ago

Captain TrojanCaptain Trojan

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asked 8 hours ago

Captain TrojanCaptain Trojan

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1 Answer
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3

You are probably re-starting your program too fast, or the program is not closing
the socket.

Even after the socket is closed, Linux keeps the connection in limbo for
some time,
but will prevent any other connection from being accepted for the same quadruplet of
"source address, source port, destination address, destination port".

The solution is to set the socket option in the program with
setsockopt
like this:

setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR ... )

share|improve this answer

edited 6 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

harrymcharrymc

281k1616 gold badges295295 silver badges613613 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Ah, I see, that makes sense. Problem seems to have stopped occuring, thank you very much.
  
  – Captain Trojan
  6 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

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3

You are probably re-starting your program too fast, or the program is not closing
the socket.

Even after the socket is closed, Linux keeps the connection in limbo for
some time,
but will prevent any other connection from being accepted for the same quadruplet of
"source address, source port, destination address, destination port".

The solution is to set the socket option in the program with
setsockopt
like this:

setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR ... )

share|improve this answer

edited 6 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

harrymcharrymc

281k1616 gold badges295295 silver badges613613 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Ah, I see, that makes sense. Problem seems to have stopped occuring, thank you very much.
  
  – Captain Trojan
  6 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

3

You are probably re-starting your program too fast, or the program is not closing
the socket.

Even after the socket is closed, Linux keeps the connection in limbo for
some time,
but will prevent any other connection from being accepted for the same quadruplet of
"source address, source port, destination address, destination port".

The solution is to set the socket option in the program with
setsockopt
like this:

setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR ... )

share|improve this answer

edited 6 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

harrymcharrymc

281k1616 gold badges295295 silver badges613613 bronze badges

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Ah, I see, that makes sense. Problem seems to have stopped occuring, thank you very much.
  
  – Captain Trojan
  6 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

You are probably re-starting your program too fast, or the program is not closing
the socket.

Even after the socket is closed, Linux keeps the connection in limbo for
some time,
but will prevent any other connection from being accepted for the same quadruplet of
"source address, source port, destination address, destination port".

The solution is to set the socket option in the program with
setsockopt
like this:

setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR ... )

share|improve this answer

edited 6 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

harrymcharrymc

281k1616 gold badges295295 silver badges613613 bronze badges

setsockopt(socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR ... )

share|improve this answer

edited 6 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

harrymcharrymc

281k1616 gold badges295295 silver badges613613 bronze badges

answered 7 hours ago

harrymcharrymc

281k1616 gold badges295295 silver badges613613 bronze badges

answered 7 hours ago

harrymcharrymc

281k1616 gold badges295295 silver badges613613 bronze badges