How does Lightning Network over TOR work?How is a node in the middle prohibited from keeping the money in a routed Payment in Lightning network?Why do we need a “routing” process in Lightning Network?Routing in Bitcoin Lightning NetworkCan someone please explain how Lightning paths are working and what effect large centralized hubs have?Does the `HTLC fail` routed back to sender using same path if intermediate node does not have enough capacity?How can I get my LND node to make connections over Tor, IPv4, and IPv6?Why is my lighting node not routing any transaction?Can I explicitly specify a path for Lightning payment?Can I send/receive payments but prevent forwarding payments in Lightning Network?BOLT 11 - Why is the description field limited to 639 bytes?

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How does Lightning Network over TOR work?


How is a node in the middle prohibited from keeping the money in a routed Payment in Lightning network?Why do we need a “routing” process in Lightning Network?Routing in Bitcoin Lightning NetworkCan someone please explain how Lightning paths are working and what effect large centralized hubs have?Does the `HTLC fail` routed back to sender using same path if intermediate node does not have enough capacity?How can I get my LND node to make connections over Tor, IPv4, and IPv6?Why is my lighting node not routing any transaction?Can I explicitly specify a path for Lightning payment?Can I send/receive payments but prevent forwarding payments in Lightning Network?BOLT 11 - Why is the description field limited to 639 bytes?






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3

















I'm interested to understand in detail how the lightning network works over Tor. Implementations like lnd, c-lightning etc. offer an extension which allow running TOR with Lightning. I would like to understand how running Lightning with TOR works in practice. In particular I'm interested in the following cases:



1) I am the sender, but I enabled Tor in my node. How does sending to a node R outside Tor network looks like?



2) I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?



3) The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?










share|improve this question









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AnnMP is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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    3

















    I'm interested to understand in detail how the lightning network works over Tor. Implementations like lnd, c-lightning etc. offer an extension which allow running TOR with Lightning. I would like to understand how running Lightning with TOR works in practice. In particular I'm interested in the following cases:



    1) I am the sender, but I enabled Tor in my node. How does sending to a node R outside Tor network looks like?



    2) I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?



    3) The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?










    share|improve this question









    New contributor



    AnnMP is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.

























      3












      3








      3


      0






      I'm interested to understand in detail how the lightning network works over Tor. Implementations like lnd, c-lightning etc. offer an extension which allow running TOR with Lightning. I would like to understand how running Lightning with TOR works in practice. In particular I'm interested in the following cases:



      1) I am the sender, but I enabled Tor in my node. How does sending to a node R outside Tor network looks like?



      2) I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?



      3) The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?










      share|improve this question









      New contributor



      AnnMP is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.











      I'm interested to understand in detail how the lightning network works over Tor. Implementations like lnd, c-lightning etc. offer an extension which allow running TOR with Lightning. I would like to understand how running Lightning with TOR works in practice. In particular I'm interested in the following cases:



      1) I am the sender, but I enabled Tor in my node. How does sending to a node R outside Tor network looks like?



      2) I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?



      3) The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?







      lightning-network lightning-routing tor






      share|improve this question









      New contributor



      AnnMP is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.










      share|improve this question









      New contributor



      AnnMP is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.








      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question



      share|improve this question








      edited 6 hours ago









      Ugam Kamat

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      asked 9 hours ago









      AnnMPAnnMP

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          1 Answer
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          4


















          Running lightning node over TOR is no different than running it over normal IP connection. Sending payment, fulfilling incoming payment, sending error messages etc. would happen in the exact same way in both cases. The only difference is that the above messages that you send to your peer will now happen over TOR network rather than a direct IP package.



          If you are using only TOR without any public IP address then to route your payment to a node that is using only public IP address you will need to have a node in your path to the receiver that is (1) running TOR and public IP or (2) or running public IP and can connect to TOR nodes using the socks5 proxy. If you do not have this node in between you would not be able to send the payment.



          When Tor service starts it creates a socks5 proxy which is by default at address 127.0.0.1:9050. If a node with public IP is started with the option --proxy=127.0.0.1:9050 (or including it in the config file) the node will be able to connect to nodes running TOR (like yours).



          If you are running TOR and have a public IP address then you can directly connect with nodes that run tor or public IP nodes via the tor service socks5 proxy.




          I am the sender, but I enabled TOR in my node. How does sending to a node R outside TOR network looks like?




          The network routing happens according to what I mentioned above. However, the path calculation for sending the payment to the receiver happens on your node so it does not involve what network routing you are using. You would construct the onion routing packet with the path to the receiver (the channels you will use to send the payment), and try to send this onion and the payment_hash to your peer via the update_add_htlc message. This message will then go over TOR nodes before reaching your peer, instead of a directly reaching your peer.




          I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?




          You can receive payments from nodes directly that are running TOR. If you want to receive payments from nodes that have only public IP, then you would need to have a node in your path that has the proxy option set so that it can connect to TOR nodes via socks5 proxy.




          The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?




          Assume you the path from S to R looks like this: S -> T -> U -> V -> R. Number of cases can arise:




          • S and R do not run TOR: It depends

            • All the nodes could be on public IP and your payment goes through.

            • T could be node running public IP and TOR. It has a public IP channel with you, and TOR channel with U. U can then have a proxy option set that allow it to have TOR based channels with T and public IP channel with U. V is a public IP node and U routes payment to V in normal way.



          • R runs TOR: At least one node in between should run/understand TOR

            • T/U/V has a public IP, and have TOR so that they can make channels with TOR nodes and public IP nodes

            • T/U/V are all public IP nodes but V has a proxy option set which allows it to have a tor based channel connection with R.






          share|improve this answer




























          • Thanks for the great reply, highly appreciate it. Here are just a couple of detailed questions: Is there any way to know which nodes can support TOR connections beside the ones that actually publish an onion address? The majority of the nodes publish only a public IP but that doesn't mean they don't have TOR enabled, right? On the other hand, if we don't know which nodes enable TOR how we can correctly pick the path from source to destination of the payment?

            – AnnMP
            7 hours ago











          • Part 1: (1) I think it has to work the opposite way. Using only TOR node you cannot connect to a public IP address node (outbound connection), but can accept connection from a public IP node that can connect to TOR through proxy. (2) Nodes announce the services that they run in the node_announcement message. You can just run the command lightning-cli listnodes <node_id> and check what network that node supports.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago











          • Part 2: (3) you pick the path based on channels. If there is a path with channels in between you and the receiver than at least one node in between must support both the services. If it didn't the nodes wouldn't have been able to connect, let alone set up a channel.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago













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          4


















          Running lightning node over TOR is no different than running it over normal IP connection. Sending payment, fulfilling incoming payment, sending error messages etc. would happen in the exact same way in both cases. The only difference is that the above messages that you send to your peer will now happen over TOR network rather than a direct IP package.



          If you are using only TOR without any public IP address then to route your payment to a node that is using only public IP address you will need to have a node in your path to the receiver that is (1) running TOR and public IP or (2) or running public IP and can connect to TOR nodes using the socks5 proxy. If you do not have this node in between you would not be able to send the payment.



          When Tor service starts it creates a socks5 proxy which is by default at address 127.0.0.1:9050. If a node with public IP is started with the option --proxy=127.0.0.1:9050 (or including it in the config file) the node will be able to connect to nodes running TOR (like yours).



          If you are running TOR and have a public IP address then you can directly connect with nodes that run tor or public IP nodes via the tor service socks5 proxy.




          I am the sender, but I enabled TOR in my node. How does sending to a node R outside TOR network looks like?




          The network routing happens according to what I mentioned above. However, the path calculation for sending the payment to the receiver happens on your node so it does not involve what network routing you are using. You would construct the onion routing packet with the path to the receiver (the channels you will use to send the payment), and try to send this onion and the payment_hash to your peer via the update_add_htlc message. This message will then go over TOR nodes before reaching your peer, instead of a directly reaching your peer.




          I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?




          You can receive payments from nodes directly that are running TOR. If you want to receive payments from nodes that have only public IP, then you would need to have a node in your path that has the proxy option set so that it can connect to TOR nodes via socks5 proxy.




          The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?




          Assume you the path from S to R looks like this: S -> T -> U -> V -> R. Number of cases can arise:




          • S and R do not run TOR: It depends

            • All the nodes could be on public IP and your payment goes through.

            • T could be node running public IP and TOR. It has a public IP channel with you, and TOR channel with U. U can then have a proxy option set that allow it to have TOR based channels with T and public IP channel with U. V is a public IP node and U routes payment to V in normal way.



          • R runs TOR: At least one node in between should run/understand TOR

            • T/U/V has a public IP, and have TOR so that they can make channels with TOR nodes and public IP nodes

            • T/U/V are all public IP nodes but V has a proxy option set which allows it to have a tor based channel connection with R.






          share|improve this answer




























          • Thanks for the great reply, highly appreciate it. Here are just a couple of detailed questions: Is there any way to know which nodes can support TOR connections beside the ones that actually publish an onion address? The majority of the nodes publish only a public IP but that doesn't mean they don't have TOR enabled, right? On the other hand, if we don't know which nodes enable TOR how we can correctly pick the path from source to destination of the payment?

            – AnnMP
            7 hours ago











          • Part 1: (1) I think it has to work the opposite way. Using only TOR node you cannot connect to a public IP address node (outbound connection), but can accept connection from a public IP node that can connect to TOR through proxy. (2) Nodes announce the services that they run in the node_announcement message. You can just run the command lightning-cli listnodes <node_id> and check what network that node supports.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago











          • Part 2: (3) you pick the path based on channels. If there is a path with channels in between you and the receiver than at least one node in between must support both the services. If it didn't the nodes wouldn't have been able to connect, let alone set up a channel.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago
















          4


















          Running lightning node over TOR is no different than running it over normal IP connection. Sending payment, fulfilling incoming payment, sending error messages etc. would happen in the exact same way in both cases. The only difference is that the above messages that you send to your peer will now happen over TOR network rather than a direct IP package.



          If you are using only TOR without any public IP address then to route your payment to a node that is using only public IP address you will need to have a node in your path to the receiver that is (1) running TOR and public IP or (2) or running public IP and can connect to TOR nodes using the socks5 proxy. If you do not have this node in between you would not be able to send the payment.



          When Tor service starts it creates a socks5 proxy which is by default at address 127.0.0.1:9050. If a node with public IP is started with the option --proxy=127.0.0.1:9050 (or including it in the config file) the node will be able to connect to nodes running TOR (like yours).



          If you are running TOR and have a public IP address then you can directly connect with nodes that run tor or public IP nodes via the tor service socks5 proxy.




          I am the sender, but I enabled TOR in my node. How does sending to a node R outside TOR network looks like?




          The network routing happens according to what I mentioned above. However, the path calculation for sending the payment to the receiver happens on your node so it does not involve what network routing you are using. You would construct the onion routing packet with the path to the receiver (the channels you will use to send the payment), and try to send this onion and the payment_hash to your peer via the update_add_htlc message. This message will then go over TOR nodes before reaching your peer, instead of a directly reaching your peer.




          I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?




          You can receive payments from nodes directly that are running TOR. If you want to receive payments from nodes that have only public IP, then you would need to have a node in your path that has the proxy option set so that it can connect to TOR nodes via socks5 proxy.




          The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?




          Assume you the path from S to R looks like this: S -> T -> U -> V -> R. Number of cases can arise:




          • S and R do not run TOR: It depends

            • All the nodes could be on public IP and your payment goes through.

            • T could be node running public IP and TOR. It has a public IP channel with you, and TOR channel with U. U can then have a proxy option set that allow it to have TOR based channels with T and public IP channel with U. V is a public IP node and U routes payment to V in normal way.



          • R runs TOR: At least one node in between should run/understand TOR

            • T/U/V has a public IP, and have TOR so that they can make channels with TOR nodes and public IP nodes

            • T/U/V are all public IP nodes but V has a proxy option set which allows it to have a tor based channel connection with R.






          share|improve this answer




























          • Thanks for the great reply, highly appreciate it. Here are just a couple of detailed questions: Is there any way to know which nodes can support TOR connections beside the ones that actually publish an onion address? The majority of the nodes publish only a public IP but that doesn't mean they don't have TOR enabled, right? On the other hand, if we don't know which nodes enable TOR how we can correctly pick the path from source to destination of the payment?

            – AnnMP
            7 hours ago











          • Part 1: (1) I think it has to work the opposite way. Using only TOR node you cannot connect to a public IP address node (outbound connection), but can accept connection from a public IP node that can connect to TOR through proxy. (2) Nodes announce the services that they run in the node_announcement message. You can just run the command lightning-cli listnodes <node_id> and check what network that node supports.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago











          • Part 2: (3) you pick the path based on channels. If there is a path with channels in between you and the receiver than at least one node in between must support both the services. If it didn't the nodes wouldn't have been able to connect, let alone set up a channel.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago














          4














          4










          4









          Running lightning node over TOR is no different than running it over normal IP connection. Sending payment, fulfilling incoming payment, sending error messages etc. would happen in the exact same way in both cases. The only difference is that the above messages that you send to your peer will now happen over TOR network rather than a direct IP package.



          If you are using only TOR without any public IP address then to route your payment to a node that is using only public IP address you will need to have a node in your path to the receiver that is (1) running TOR and public IP or (2) or running public IP and can connect to TOR nodes using the socks5 proxy. If you do not have this node in between you would not be able to send the payment.



          When Tor service starts it creates a socks5 proxy which is by default at address 127.0.0.1:9050. If a node with public IP is started with the option --proxy=127.0.0.1:9050 (or including it in the config file) the node will be able to connect to nodes running TOR (like yours).



          If you are running TOR and have a public IP address then you can directly connect with nodes that run tor or public IP nodes via the tor service socks5 proxy.




          I am the sender, but I enabled TOR in my node. How does sending to a node R outside TOR network looks like?




          The network routing happens according to what I mentioned above. However, the path calculation for sending the payment to the receiver happens on your node so it does not involve what network routing you are using. You would construct the onion routing packet with the path to the receiver (the channels you will use to send the payment), and try to send this onion and the payment_hash to your peer via the update_add_htlc message. This message will then go over TOR nodes before reaching your peer, instead of a directly reaching your peer.




          I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?




          You can receive payments from nodes directly that are running TOR. If you want to receive payments from nodes that have only public IP, then you would need to have a node in your path that has the proxy option set so that it can connect to TOR nodes via socks5 proxy.




          The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?




          Assume you the path from S to R looks like this: S -> T -> U -> V -> R. Number of cases can arise:




          • S and R do not run TOR: It depends

            • All the nodes could be on public IP and your payment goes through.

            • T could be node running public IP and TOR. It has a public IP channel with you, and TOR channel with U. U can then have a proxy option set that allow it to have TOR based channels with T and public IP channel with U. V is a public IP node and U routes payment to V in normal way.



          • R runs TOR: At least one node in between should run/understand TOR

            • T/U/V has a public IP, and have TOR so that they can make channels with TOR nodes and public IP nodes

            • T/U/V are all public IP nodes but V has a proxy option set which allows it to have a tor based channel connection with R.






          share|improve this answer
















          Running lightning node over TOR is no different than running it over normal IP connection. Sending payment, fulfilling incoming payment, sending error messages etc. would happen in the exact same way in both cases. The only difference is that the above messages that you send to your peer will now happen over TOR network rather than a direct IP package.



          If you are using only TOR without any public IP address then to route your payment to a node that is using only public IP address you will need to have a node in your path to the receiver that is (1) running TOR and public IP or (2) or running public IP and can connect to TOR nodes using the socks5 proxy. If you do not have this node in between you would not be able to send the payment.



          When Tor service starts it creates a socks5 proxy which is by default at address 127.0.0.1:9050. If a node with public IP is started with the option --proxy=127.0.0.1:9050 (or including it in the config file) the node will be able to connect to nodes running TOR (like yours).



          If you are running TOR and have a public IP address then you can directly connect with nodes that run tor or public IP nodes via the tor service socks5 proxy.




          I am the sender, but I enabled TOR in my node. How does sending to a node R outside TOR network looks like?




          The network routing happens according to what I mentioned above. However, the path calculation for sending the payment to the receiver happens on your node so it does not involve what network routing you are using. You would construct the onion routing packet with the path to the receiver (the channels you will use to send the payment), and try to send this onion and the payment_hash to your peer via the update_add_htlc message. This message will then go over TOR nodes before reaching your peer, instead of a directly reaching your peer.




          I am the recipient node, and I do not advertise an IP address, but an onion address. How do I receive payments?




          You can receive payments from nodes directly that are running TOR. If you want to receive payments from nodes that have only public IP, then you would need to have a node in your path that has the proxy option set so that it can connect to TOR nodes via socks5 proxy.




          The sender node S is a regular LN node, without any Tor connections. As a sender, I want to send a payment to node R and my LN node finds the best path to send my payment to R. Is it possible that this path will at any hop go thought Tor or go through onion node, because any of the nodes in the selected path happens to be onion or has access to Tor? And if yes, how the routing looks then?




          Assume you the path from S to R looks like this: S -> T -> U -> V -> R. Number of cases can arise:




          • S and R do not run TOR: It depends

            • All the nodes could be on public IP and your payment goes through.

            • T could be node running public IP and TOR. It has a public IP channel with you, and TOR channel with U. U can then have a proxy option set that allow it to have TOR based channels with T and public IP channel with U. V is a public IP node and U routes payment to V in normal way.



          • R runs TOR: At least one node in between should run/understand TOR

            • T/U/V has a public IP, and have TOR so that they can make channels with TOR nodes and public IP nodes

            • T/U/V are all public IP nodes but V has a proxy option set which allows it to have a tor based channel connection with R.







          share|improve this answer















          share|improve this answer




          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited 8 hours ago

























          answered 8 hours ago









          Ugam KamatUgam Kamat

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          • Thanks for the great reply, highly appreciate it. Here are just a couple of detailed questions: Is there any way to know which nodes can support TOR connections beside the ones that actually publish an onion address? The majority of the nodes publish only a public IP but that doesn't mean they don't have TOR enabled, right? On the other hand, if we don't know which nodes enable TOR how we can correctly pick the path from source to destination of the payment?

            – AnnMP
            7 hours ago











          • Part 1: (1) I think it has to work the opposite way. Using only TOR node you cannot connect to a public IP address node (outbound connection), but can accept connection from a public IP node that can connect to TOR through proxy. (2) Nodes announce the services that they run in the node_announcement message. You can just run the command lightning-cli listnodes <node_id> and check what network that node supports.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago











          • Part 2: (3) you pick the path based on channels. If there is a path with channels in between you and the receiver than at least one node in between must support both the services. If it didn't the nodes wouldn't have been able to connect, let alone set up a channel.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago


















          • Thanks for the great reply, highly appreciate it. Here are just a couple of detailed questions: Is there any way to know which nodes can support TOR connections beside the ones that actually publish an onion address? The majority of the nodes publish only a public IP but that doesn't mean they don't have TOR enabled, right? On the other hand, if we don't know which nodes enable TOR how we can correctly pick the path from source to destination of the payment?

            – AnnMP
            7 hours ago











          • Part 1: (1) I think it has to work the opposite way. Using only TOR node you cannot connect to a public IP address node (outbound connection), but can accept connection from a public IP node that can connect to TOR through proxy. (2) Nodes announce the services that they run in the node_announcement message. You can just run the command lightning-cli listnodes <node_id> and check what network that node supports.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago











          • Part 2: (3) you pick the path based on channels. If there is a path with channels in between you and the receiver than at least one node in between must support both the services. If it didn't the nodes wouldn't have been able to connect, let alone set up a channel.

            – Ugam Kamat
            6 hours ago

















          Thanks for the great reply, highly appreciate it. Here are just a couple of detailed questions: Is there any way to know which nodes can support TOR connections beside the ones that actually publish an onion address? The majority of the nodes publish only a public IP but that doesn't mean they don't have TOR enabled, right? On the other hand, if we don't know which nodes enable TOR how we can correctly pick the path from source to destination of the payment?

          – AnnMP
          7 hours ago





          Thanks for the great reply, highly appreciate it. Here are just a couple of detailed questions: Is there any way to know which nodes can support TOR connections beside the ones that actually publish an onion address? The majority of the nodes publish only a public IP but that doesn't mean they don't have TOR enabled, right? On the other hand, if we don't know which nodes enable TOR how we can correctly pick the path from source to destination of the payment?

          – AnnMP
          7 hours ago













          Part 1: (1) I think it has to work the opposite way. Using only TOR node you cannot connect to a public IP address node (outbound connection), but can accept connection from a public IP node that can connect to TOR through proxy. (2) Nodes announce the services that they run in the node_announcement message. You can just run the command lightning-cli listnodes <node_id> and check what network that node supports.

          – Ugam Kamat
          6 hours ago





          Part 1: (1) I think it has to work the opposite way. Using only TOR node you cannot connect to a public IP address node (outbound connection), but can accept connection from a public IP node that can connect to TOR through proxy. (2) Nodes announce the services that they run in the node_announcement message. You can just run the command lightning-cli listnodes <node_id> and check what network that node supports.

          – Ugam Kamat
          6 hours ago













          Part 2: (3) you pick the path based on channels. If there is a path with channels in between you and the receiver than at least one node in between must support both the services. If it didn't the nodes wouldn't have been able to connect, let alone set up a channel.

          – Ugam Kamat
          6 hours ago






          Part 2: (3) you pick the path based on channels. If there is a path with channels in between you and the receiver than at least one node in between must support both the services. If it didn't the nodes wouldn't have been able to connect, let alone set up a channel.

          – Ugam Kamat
          6 hours ago












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